Imithelela Yezinto Eziyingozi Emanzini Nezimpilo Zasemanzini

Izinto eziyingozi emanzini zingadala izinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo ngoba imifula, amachibi, amaxhaphozi, amachweba kanye nolwandle kuthola ukungcola okuvela emisebenzini eminingi yabantu nasezinqubweni zemvelo.

Ngokusho kwe-American Fisheries Society, izinto zamakhemikhali zingaveza imithelela eminingi emanzini ngoba umphakathi ukhiqiza, usabalalise, usebenzisa, futhi ulahla amakhemikhali ngezinhloso eziningi.

Namuhla, izinsalela zamakhemikhali zingahamba kude nemithombo yazo yokuqala emifuleni, emanzini angaphansi komhlaba, ezokuthutha zasemoyeni, ukugeleza, okuphuma ezimbonini, nasezindaweni ezingcolile ezihlala emanzini.

Okunye ukungcola kubangela ubuthi ngokushesha lapho ukugxila kuba phezulu kakhulu, kuyilapho okunye kudala imiphumela ecashile elimaza kancane kancane ukukhula, ukuzala, ukuziphatha, ukondla, nokuphila.

Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi izinto eziyingozi emanzini zingena kanjani ezintweni eziphilayo zasemanzini, ziguqule izinga lamanzi, zinqwabelane entweni ephilayo, zidlule emaketangeni okudla, futhi zisongele izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini.

Yiziphi Izinto Eziyingozi Emanzini?

Izinto eziyingozi emanzini zihlanganisa amakhemikhali, izinsimbi, izibulala-zinambuzane, inhlanganisela ye-petroleum, izinsalela zezimboni, imfucumfucu enobuthi, nezinye izinto ezingalimaza ikhwalithi yamanzi nezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini.

Lezi zinto zingase zingene emanzini ngokukhipha ngamabomu, ukuchitheka kwengozi, imfucuza elawulwa kabi, ukugeleza kwezolimo, ukubekelwa umkhathi, izindawo zokugcina ezivuzayo, noma amanzi emvula ageleza ezindaweni ezingcolile.

Imithombo yokungcoliswa kwamanzi ingahlukaniswa ngemithombo yamaphuzu nengaqondile, ngamapayipi ezimboni amele imithombo yamaphuzu kuyilapho ukugeleza kwezolimo kuvamise ukumelela ukungcoliswa komhlaba okusabalele ezindaweni ezinkulu.

Ukuqonda lezi zindlela kwenza kube lula ukulawula ukungcola ngaphambi kokuba ukungcola kufinyelele emifuleni, emachibini, emanzini angaphansi komhlaba, ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, nasezindaweni ezingasogwini lapho izinto eziphila emanzini zincike ezimeni ezizinzile.

Abafundi bangahlola futhi imithombo kanye nezigaba zokungcoliswa kwamanzi ukuqonda ukuthi imisebenzi kamasipala, yezimboni, neyezolimo inikela kanjani ekungcoleni okuhlukene ezinhlelweni zasemanzini.

Funda Futhi: Izinto Eziyingozi kanye Nempilo Yomuntu

Imithombo Emikhulu Yezinto Eziyingozi Emanzini

1. Ukukhishwa kwezimboni: Izimboni zingakhipha izinsimbi, izincibilikisi, ama-asidi, uwoyela, odayi, okokuhlanza, izinhlanganisela ezinobuthi, namanzi angcolile angakahlanzwa emigwaqweni yamanzi eseduze lapho amasistimu okwelapha noma izilawuli zokulahla zihluleka.

2. I-Agricultural Runoff: Imvula ingathwala umquba, izibulala-zinambuzane, imithi yokubulala ukhula, imfucumfucu yezilwane, nenhlabathi engcolile isuka emasimini iye emifudlaneni, emachibini, emifuleni, nasemachibini, okwandisa umfutho wamakhemikhali.

3. Ukulahlwa Kwemfucuza Okungafanele: Imfucumfucu eyingozi yasendlini, yezokwelapha, yezimboni neyezentengiselwano ingakhipha izinto ezinobuthi lapho abantu belahla, beshisa, bengcwaba, noma bezigcina ngaphandle kwezivikelo ezanele zemvelo.

4. Ukungcoliswa Kowoyela Nowoyela: Ukuchitheka kukawoyela ovela emapayipini, ezokuthutha, ezindaweni zokugcina, ogwini lolwandle, nemisebenzi engekho emthethweni kungamboza indawo engaphezulu, kungcolise inzika, futhi kuvezwe izinto eziphila emanzini kuma-hydrocarbon anobuthi.

5. Imayini Nokucutshungulwa Kwensimbi: Imisebenzi yezimayini ingethula i-mercury, i-lead, i-arsenic, i-cadmium, nokunye ukungcola emigwaqweni yamanzi ngokusebenzisa i-drainage, ukuguguleka, imsila, ukucubungula izinsalela, nokukhishwa ngengozi.

Indlela Izinto Eziyingozi Eziyithinta Ngayo Ikhwalithi Yamanzi

Izinto eziyingozi zingashintsha isimo samanzi, amakhemikhali, kanye nezinto eziphilayo, okwenza izimo zingafaneleki ezilwaneni zasemanzini ezidinga umoya-mpilo othile, izinga lokushisa, i-asidi, nezigaba zemisoco.

Izinsimbi ezisindayo zingahlala ziphikelela ezindaweni zasemanzini, kuyilapho izibulala-zinambuzane nezinhlanganisela ze-petroleum zingase zihlangane nenhlabathi, izinto eziphilayo, izinhlayiya ezimisiwe, kanye nezinto eziphilayo emanzini angcolile.

Izinga lamanzi lingehla lapho izinto ezinobuthi zishintsha umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe, i-acidity, i-turbidity, ibhalansi yezakhi, izinga lokushisa, noma ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, ngaleyo ndlela kudaleke ingcindezi emiphakathini yasemanzini.

Lezi zinguquko zingase zibe yingozi ikakhulukazi lapho ukungcola kuhlangana, ngoba izinto eziphilayo zasemanzini zingaba nezingcindezi eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa esikhundleni sokuchayeka entweni eyodwa eyodwa.

Izimiso ezichazwe ku ukuphathwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi gcizelela ukuvikela ukunukubezeka, ukulawula ukuchithwa okunomthwalo wemfanelo, kanye nezinyathelo ezingokoqobo ezinciphisa ukungcoliswa ngaphambi kokuba umonakalo wemvelo ube mkhulu.

Enye insiza ewusizo izici zebhayoloji nezemvelo zamanzi angcolile, exoxa ngezimpendulo zemvelo ezibandakanya izinsimbi, izibulala-zinambuzane, ukuchithwa kwenhlabathi, nokunye ukungcola.

Imithelela Ezinhlanzini Nezinto Eziphilayo Zasemanzini

1. Ukukhula Okuncishisiwe: Ukuchayeka okungatheni kumakhemikhali anobuthi kungaphazamisa i-metabolism, ukuphakela, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, nokuthuthuka komzimba, okubangela izinhlanzi eziveziwe nezinye izinto eziphilayo ukuthi zikhule kancane.

2. Izinkinga Zokuzala: Ezinye izinto ezingcolisayo zingaphazamisa amahomoni okuzala, ukuziphatha kokuzala, ukukhula kwamaqanda, ukuzala, noma ukuphila kwenzalo, kancane kancane kunciphise inani labantu ngisho nalapho abantu abadala besaphila.

3. Izinguquko Zokuziphatha: Izibulala-zinambuzane ne-trace metal zingathinta ukubhukuda, ukuphakela, ukufunda, ukugwema izilwane ezizingelayo, nokunyakaza, okwenza izilwane eziveziwe zingakwazi ukuphendula ngempumelelo ezinsongweni zemvelo.

4. Ukushona Okuqondile: Ukugxila okuphezulu kakhulu kwezinto ezinobuthi kungabangela ushevu osheshayo, ukulimala kwezicubu, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula, izinkinga zemizwa, noma ukufa phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini ezibucayi.

Ukungcoliswa kukawoyela kungadala umonakalo owengeziwe wemvelo ngokumboza izindawo ezihlala emanzini kanye nezinto eziphilayo, kuncishiswe izindawo zokuzalela ezifanele kuyilapho kuveza izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane zasendle ezixubeni eziqhubekayo ze-petroleum.

Imiphumela ebanzi yemvelo yokungcoliswa kwezimboni nayo kuxoxwa ngayo ku umthelela wemfucuza yezimboni kubantu nasemvelweni, okuhlanganisa ukungcola okusongela izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane.

Ngokufanayo, umthelela ojwayelekile wemfucuza endaweni ezungezile ichaza ukuthi ukungcola kwasezimbonini okuqukethe uwoyela, imisoco, nezinsimbi kungashintsha kanjani ukutholwa kwamanzi.

Izingozi Ze-Bioaccumulation kanye Nochungechunge Lokudla

1. Ukuthathwa Kwezinto Eziphilayo Ezincane: I-Plankton, i-algae, i-shellfish, izinambuzane, nezinye izinto eziphilayo zingamunca ukungcola ngokuqondile emanzini angcolile noma izinhlayiya ezingcolile endaweni ezizungezile.

2. Ukunqwabelana Ezinhlanzini: Izinhlanzi zingase zidle izinto ezingcolile futhi zigcine amakhemikhali aphikelelayo ezicutshini zazo, ikakhulukazi lapho imizimba yazo imunca ukungcola ngokushesha kunokuba ingakwazi ukukuqeda.

3. I-Biomagnification: Izilwane ezidla ezinye ezidla ezinye zidla izinto eziphilayo eziningi ezingcolile, okubangela ukuthi izinto ezithile eziphikelelayo zifinyelele ezilwaneni eziphakeme kakhulu phakathi kochungechunge lokudla kwasemanzini.

4. Ukuchayeka Komuntu: Abantu bangagwinya ukungcola okunqwabelene ngokudla izinhlanzi ezingcolile nezimbaza, ikakhulukazi uma izinsimbi ezinobuthi namakhemikhali aphikelelayo ehlala egxile ezicutshini ezidliwayo.

I-Mercury inikeza isibonelo sakudala ngoba i-methylmercury inganqwabelana ezintweni eziphila emanzini futhi ekugcineni ifinyelele kubantu ngezinhlanzi ezingcolile, idale ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwezempilo yomphakathi.

Ngakho-ke imfucumfucu eyingozi ingalimaza imvelo yasemanzini kude kakhulu nezindawo zayo zokuqala, ikakhulukazi lapho amakhemikhali aphikelelayo ehamba, enqwabelana, futhi ehlala etholakala ngokwebhayoloji isikhathi eside.

Ulwazi mayelana imithombo kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza eyingozi isiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani izimboni, ezemithi, i-petroleum, insimbi, izindwangu, kanye nemisebenzi yasendlini ingangenisa izinto eziyingozi emanzini.

Amakhemikhali asekhaya nawo anendaba ngoba imikhiqizo yokuhlanza, izinto ezincibilikisayo, izibulala-zinambuzane, upende nezinye izinto zingase zigcine zingena emanzini angcolile noma ezimisweni zokudonsa amanzi lapho abantu bezilahla ngokungafanele.

Kungakho ukuphathwa kwemfucuza eyingozi yasendlini ihlala ibalulekile ekuvimbeleni izinto eziyingozi ukuthi zinganyakazi emiseleni, enhlabathini, emfuleni, nasezinhlelweni zamanzi angcolile.

Ama-Sediments kanye Nokungcola Kwesikhathi Eside Esemanzini

Izinsimbi ezisindayo nokunye ukungcola kuvame ukunamathela ezinhlayiyeni ezilengisiwe ngaphambi kokuhlala emifuleni, emachibini angaphansi kwechibi, emifudlaneni ephuma emanzini, nasezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, okudala inzika engcolile engaqhubeka iminyaka.

Ngisho noma amasampula amanzi ebonisa ukugcwala okungcolile okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, izinsalela ezingcolile zingase ziqhubeke zidalula izinto eziphilayo ezihlala phansi ngokuthintana okuqondile, imisebenzi yokuphakela, kanye nokudedelwa kwamakhemikhali kancane kancane.

Ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa iziphepho, ukuguguleka, izikhukhula, ukwakhiwa, ukuhamba ngesikebhe, noma imisinga enamandla kungamisa izinhlayiya ezingcolile futhi kubuyisele ukungcola okugqitshwe ngaphambilini kukholamu yamanzi.

Ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile kunganciphisa ukunyakaza okungcolile uma kuklanywe kahle ngoba ukuthungwa kwenhlabathi, ukucwenga, ukujiya, nezinye izigaba zokwelashwa kususa izinto ezimisiwe ngaphambi kokuba ukungcola okucociwe kufinyelele ekutholeni amanzi.

Isiqondiso esinemininingwane sivuliwe izinqubo ze-sedimentation ekuhlanzeni amanzi angcolile ichaza ukuthi izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe zihlukaniswa kanjani futhi ziqondiswe ekwelapheni okwengeziwe noma ekulahleni okulawulwayo.

Izinto ezilawula ukuhlala kwezinhlayiyana nazo zinendaba lapho uklama amasistimu okwelapha asebenzayo, njengoba kuchazwe ku i-sedimentation kanye nezici zayo zokulawula.

Ngenxa yokuthi ukungcola kungahlala kuvaleleke ngaphakathi kwenhlabathi, abaphathi bemvelo kufanele bacabangele kokubili amasampula amanzi kanye nediphozithi ephansi lapho kuhlolwa isimo esigcwele sendawo ezungezile yasemanzini engcolile.

Indlela Yokunqanda Ukungcoliswa Kwamanzi Okuyingozi

1. Lawula Ukukhishwa Kwezimboni: Izimboni kufanele zihlanze amanzi angcolile, zigade ikhwalithi yokulahlwa kwamanzi, zigcine izinhlelo zokuthimba, futhi zivikele amakhemikhali ayingozi angalashwa ukuthi angangeni emifudlaneni eseduze, emifuleni, emachibini, noma ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi.

2. Phatha Amakhemikhali Ezolimo: Abalimi kufanele basebenzise izibulala-zinambuzane nomanyolo ngokucophelela, balandele amazinga anconyiwe okufaka isicelo, bavikele imigudu yokukhipha amanzi, futhi bavimbele izindawo zokugcina amakhemikhali ukuthi zingathintani namanzi.

3. Thuthukisa ukuphathwa kukadoti: Imfucumfucu eyingozi idinga ukuqoqwa okuvikelekile, ukugcinwa, ukuthutha, ukwelashwa, kanye nezinhlelo zokulahlwa ezivimbela ukuvuza, ukugeleza, ukudedelwa ngengozi, noma ukulahlwa ngokuqondile.

4. Vikela Izindawo Ezivame Ukuchitheka: Iziteshi zikaphethiloli, amaworkshops, izindawo zokugcina, izimboni, amapulazi, kanye nemisebenzi yezokuthutha kufanele igcine izinhlelo zokuvimbela ukuchitheka, izinto ezimuncayo, izinhlelo zokuthimba, kanye nezinqubo zokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo.

5. Phatha Amanzi Angcolile ngendlela efanele: Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kungasusa izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe, izinto eziphilayo, imisoco, amagciwane, nokunye ukungcola kwamakhemikhali ngaphambi kokuba amanzi angcolile afinyelele emanzini emvelo.

Izinyathelo ezisebenzayo ze ukulawula ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kubandakanya ukunciphisa imithombo engcolisayo, ukwenza ngcono imikhuba yokulahlwa kwemfucuza, ukuphoqelela imithetho yemvelo, nokuvikela imithombo yamanzi ekungcoleni okungavinjelwa.

Amasu okuvimbela engeziwe ahlanganisa ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kanye nezinqubo eziqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi lapho imisebenzi yezimboni, kamasipala, yezolimo, neyekhaya idala ingcindezi yokungcola eqhubekayo.

Ukungcoliswa kukawoyela kudinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile ngoba izinhlanganisela ze-petroleum zingasabalala ngokushesha emanzini futhi zilimaze izindawo zezinhlanzi, amaxhaphozi, imihlume, ugu, kanye nezindawo zokudoba ezibalulekile kwezomnotho.

Imiphumela yokungcoliswa kwe-petroleum iyahlolwa ku ukungcoliswa kukawoyela, imiphumela yawo, imithombo, nesiphetho sendawo ezungezile, okuhlanganisa imithelela ezindaweni eziphila emanzini nasemiphakathini encike emanzini athintekile.

Funda Futhi: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokuphathwa Kwamanzi Namanzi Angcolile

Ukuqapha Nokulawula Izinto Eziyingozi Emanzini

Ukuqapha okusebenzayo kusiza iziphathimandla, izimboni, abacwaningi, kanye nemiphakathi ukuhlonza ukungcola ngaphambi kokuba ukungcola kwande, kuyilapho amasampula aphindaphindiwe embula izinguquko kukhwalithi yamanzi nezimo zemvelo.

Izinhlelo zokuqapha zingahlola izinkomba ezibonakalayo, zamakhemikhali, nezebhayoloji, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa, i-asidi, umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe, imisoco, izinsimbi, izibulala-zinambuzane, ukungcoliswa kwamagciwane, inhlabathi, impilo yezinhlanzi, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Ukuqapha okuthembekile kudinga izinkomba ezifanele, izinqubo zokusampula ezingashintshi, izindlela ezifanele zaselabhorethri, amarekhodi anembile, nokuchazwa okucacile kwemiphumela kuqhathaniswa nezinjongo zekhwalithi yamanzi ezifanele.

Ukubaluleka kokuhlelekile izinhlelo zokuqapha imvelo kucacile ngoba izilinganiso zingadalula amakhemikhali anobuthi, izinto ezingcolisa amagciwane, nezinye izingozi zemvelo ezithinta imithombo yamanzi.

Ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi angcolile kusengenye indlela yokulawula enkulu ngoba amasistimu aklanywe kahle anganciphisa ukungcola ngaphambi kokuba akhishwe futhi asize ukuvikela imvelo engaphansi komfula ekuchayekeni amakhemikhali okungadingekile.

Isiqondiso sivuliwe ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile kanye namazinga omhlahlandlela ichaza ukubaluleka kwamazinga ekhwalithi yamanzi ukuze kuvikelwe abantu ngenkathi kwenziwa ngcono ukuphathwa kwamanzi angcolile.

Izinqubo zokwelashwa zingase zihlanganise ukujiya, ukugeleza, ukucwiliswa kwenhlabathi, ukucwenga, ukwelashwa kwebhayoloji, izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe zamakhemikhali, kanye nokubulala amagciwane, kuye ngokungcola kanye nekhwalithi ehlosiwe yamanzi ahlanziwe.

Abafundi bangabuyekeza izinhloso zokwelashwa kwamanzi kanye nezinqubo zokwelashwa ukuqonda ukuthi izigaba zokwelashwa ezihlukene zisusa kanjani izinto ezimisiwe, ama-microorganisms, izinto eziphilayo, nokunye ukungcola.

Ukulawulwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane nakho kubalulekile ngoba amakhemikhali afakwe ezitshalweni angahamba enhlabathini futhi ekugcineni afinyelele emanzini angaphansi komhlaba noma emanzini angaphezulu ngokugeleza, ukugeleza, ukuguguleka, nokukhipha amanzi.

Ingemuva eliwusizo livuliwe ukuwohloka kwe-pesticide kanye ne-metabolism ichaza indlela ukuziphatha kwamakhemikhali okuthonya ngayo ukuphikelela, ukunyakaza kwemvelo, ukuqeda ubuthi, kanye nokungcoliswa okungenzeka kwemithombo yenhlabathi namanzi.

Ukuhamba kwezibulala-zinambuzane kuncike ngokwengxenye ezicini zenhlabathi, umswakama, izici zamakhemikhali, nezinqubo zokukhangisa, ezinganquma ukuthi ukungcola kuhlala kubophekile yini noma kuya ngasemithonjeni yamanzi.

Lobu budlelwano bubuyekezwa ngokuqhubekayo ukunyakaza kwezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nokumuncwa emhlabathini, esiza ukuchaza ukuthi amakhemikhali ezolimo angafinyelela kanjani ezindaweni ezibucayi zasemanzini.

Ukugcinwa kahle kwezibulala-zinambuzane kunciphisa ukungcoliswa ngengozi ngoba iziqukathi ezilimele, ukuvuza, ukuphathwa kabi, nezindawo ezingafanele zokugcina zingadala izindlela eziqondile eziya emiseleni, emifudlaneni, emithonjeni nasemachibini.

Isiqondiso sivuliwe ukugcina, ukuphatha kanye nokulahlwa kwezinto ezifuthayo igcizelela ukugcinwa okuphephile kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha ngokucophelela ezisiza ukuvimbela amakhemikhali ukuthi angangcolisi amanzi, ukudla, ukudla, abantu, nezilwane.

Ukuvikelwa kwamanzi nakho kuncike ekulawuleni imithombo esekelwe emhlabathini ngoba inhlabathi engcolile, izindawo zezimayini, ukusebenza kwe-petroleum, namaxhaphozi awonakele kungaqhubeka nokudlulisa ukungcola ezindaweni eziseduze zasemanzini.

Ingxoxo ye ukuphathwa kwemithombo yomhlabathi namaminerali ikhombisa ukuthi imisebenzi efana nokuhlola uwoyela ingathinta kanjani imifudlana, imifula, amaxhaphozi, izindawo ezihlala emanzini, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Ukulahlwa ngendlela engafanele kudala enye indlela ngoba imvula ingageza amakhemikhali ayingozi enqwabeni yemfucuza, ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza, ezindaweni zokusebenzela, ezindaweni zezimboni, nasezindaweni zokugcina izindlu zasendlini zibe ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwamanzi.

Ucwaningo ku imiphumela yemvelo yokulahlwa kwemfucuza okungafanele igqamisa ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kanye neminye imiphumela yezemvelo ebangelwa ukuphatha budedengu nokulahlwa kwezinto ezilahlwayo.

Ekugcineni, ukulawula okuphumelelayo kudinga ukubambisana phakathi kwezimboni, abalimi, imindeni, abalawuli, abacwaningi, nemiphakathi ngoba ukungcoliswa kwamanzi akuvamile ukuvela emsebenzini owodwa noma emthonjeni owodwa kuphela.

Isifinyezo Semithelela Yezinto Eziyingozi Emanzini Nezimpilo Zasemanzini

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nemiphumela Yezinto Eziyingozi Emanzini Nezimpilo Zasemanzini

1. Yiziphi izinto eziyingozi emanzini?

Izinto eziyingozi emanzini zingamakhemikhali ayingozi, izinsimbi, izibulala-zinambuzane, inhlanganisela ye-petroleum, imfucumfucu, noma okunye ukungcola okungalimaza ikhwalithi yamanzi nezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini.

2. Izinto eziyingozi zingena kanjani emanzini?

Angangena ngokuchithwa kwezimboni, ukugeleza kwezolimo, indle, ukulahlwa kwemfucuza okungafanele, izimayini, ukuchitheka kukawoyela, ukuchithwa komkhathi, izinhlelo zokugcina ezilimele, nokukhishwa ngengozi.

3. Izinto eziyingozi zizithinta kanjani izinhlanzi?

Zingabangela ubuthi, ukukhula okuncishisiwe, izinkinga zokuzala, izinguquko zokuziphatha, ukugwema izilwane ezizingelayo zibe buthaka, ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba, ukuwohloka kwendawo yokuhlala, nokufa lapho ukuchayeka kuba nzima.

4. Iyini i-bioaccumulation ezintweni eziphila emanzini?

I-Bioaccumulation yenzeka lapho into ephilayo imunca ukungcola ngokushesha kunokuqeda, okwenza amakhemikhali athile akheke kancane kancane ngaphakathi kwezicubu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

5. Kuyini i-biomagnification ku-ecosystem yamanzi?

I-Biomagnification kwenzeka lapho ukungcola okuqhubekayo kugxila kakhulu ezintweni eziphilayo emazingeni aphezulu ochungechunge lokudla ngenxa yokuthi izilwane ezidla ezinye zidla izinto eziningi ezingcolile.

6. Kungani izinhlaka zasemanzini zibalulekile ekulawuleni ukungcola?

Izinsalela zingagcina izinsimbi ezisindayo nokunye ukungcola isikhathi eside, kodwa iziphepho, ukuguguleka, izikhukhula, noma imisinga kungamisa izinhlayiya ezingcolile futhi kudalule izinto eziphilayo futhi.

7. Ingabe ukugcwala kwamakhemikhali amancane kusengazilimaza izilwane zasemanzini?

Yebo. Ukugxila okuphansi kungase kuveze imiphumela ecashile ekukhuleni, ekuzalaneni, ekuziphatheni, ekuphatheni umzimba, ukufunda, ukudla, ukugwema izilwane ezidla ezinye, kanye nokuzinza kwenani labantu ngaphandle kokubangela ukufa okubonakalayo ngokushesha.

8. Kungavinjelwa kanjani ukungcoliswa kwamanzi okuyingozi?

Ukuvimbela kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ngendlela efanele, ukucocwa kwamanzi angcolile ngendlela efanele, ukulawulwa kwemfucuza eyingozi ngendlela efanele, ukuvimbela ukuchitheka, ukulawulwa kwezolimo, ukuqapha, ukuqiniswa komthetho kanye nokuqwashisa umphakathi ngemvelo.

9. Kungani ukuqapha kubalulekile ezintweni eziyingozi emanzini?

Ukuqapha kuhlonza ukungcola, kulandelela izinguquko, kuthola izingozi ezivelayo, kusekela ukuphoqelelwa, kuvikela imvelo yasemanzini, futhi kusiza iziphathimandla zikhethe ukwelashwa okufanele kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela ukungcola.

10. Ingabe amanzi angcolile angabathinta abantu ngezinhlanzi?

Yebo. Izinhlanzi nezimbaza zinganqwabelana ukungcola okungapheli njenge-mercury namanye amakhemikhali, okuvumela abantu ukuba babonakale lapho bedla ukudla okusemanzini okungcolile.

Ingabe unayo imibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, sicela ukhululeke ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Futhi sikukhuthaza ukuba wabelane ngomusa lokhu kwaziswa nabanye abangase bazuze kukho. Njengoba singakwazi ukufinyelela wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, silwazisa ngempela usizo lwakho ekusakazeni izwi. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusekela kwakho nokwabelana!

Funda Futhi: Indlela Yokuphatha Imfucuza Epulazini Lezinhlanzi Ukuze Ugweme Ukubanga Inkathazo