Zvinhu zvine njodzi pamvura zvinogona kukonzeresa matambudziko akakura ezvakatipoteredza nekuti nzizi, madziva, matoro, mazariro, nemakungwa zvinogashira zvinosvibisa kubva muzviitiko zvakawanda zvevanhu uye nemaitiro echisikigo.
Zvinoenderana neAmerican Fisheries Society, zvinhu zvemakemikari zvinogona kuburitsa zvakawanda zvinokonzeresa zvemumvura nekuti nzanga inogadzira, inogovera, inoshandisa, uye inorasa makemikari nezvinangwa zvisingaverengeki.
Nhasi, zvisaririra zvemakemikari zvinogona kufamba kure nekwazvaibva zvichipfuura nemunzizi, mvura yepasi, zvifambiso zvemuchadenga, zvinoyerera, zvinobuda mumaindasitiri, uye netsvina ine utachiona mukati menzvimbo dzemvura.
Zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvinokonzeresa chepfu nekukasira kana kudzikisira kwanyanya kukwira, nepo zvimwe zvichigadzira mhedzisiro inokuvadza zvishoma nezvishoma kukura, kubereka, maitiro, kudya, uye kurarama.
Chinyorwa ichi chinotsanangura kuti zvinhu zvine ngozi zviri mumvura zvinopinda sei muzvisikwa zvemumvura, zvinoshandura kunaka kwemvura, kuungana mukati mezvipenyu, kufamba nemucheni dzechikafu, uye kutyisidzira kusiyana kwezvipenyu zvemumvura.
Ndezvipi Zvinhu Zvine Njodzi paMvura?
Zvinhu zvine njodzi pamvura zvinosanganisira makemikari, simbi, mishonga yezvipembenene, mafuta epetroleum, masara emumaindasitiri, tsvina ine muchetura, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukuvadza kunaka kwemvura uye zvipenyu zvemumvura.
Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kupinda mumvura kuburikidza nekurasa nemaune, kuraswa netsaona, marara asina kufambiswa zvakanaka, kuyerera kwekurima, kuiswa mumhepo, nzvimbo dzekuchengetera dziri kubuda, kana mvura yemudutu inoyerera nepanzvimbo ine utachiona.
Zvitubu zvinosvibisa mvura inogona kupatsanurwa kuita mapoinzi neasiri mapoinzi, nemapombi emumaindasitiri anomiririra mapoinzi ukuwo kuyerera kwekurima kuchiwanzomiririra kusvibiswa kwakapararira munzvimbo dzakakura.
Kunzwisisa nzira idzi kunoita kuti zvive nyore kudzora kusvibiswa kusati kwasvika nzizi, madhamu, mvura yepasi, matoro, uye nharaunda dzemahombekombe uko zvipenyu zvemumvura zvinoenderana nemamiriro akagadzikana.
Vaverengi vanogonawo kuongorora kusvibiswa kwemvura masosi uye zvikamu kuti unzwisise kuti masevhisi, maindasitiri, uye mabasa ekurima anopa sei zvakasiyana zvinosvibisa kune masisitimu emvura.
Verenga zvakare: Zvinhu Zvinokuvadza uye Utano Hwevanhu
Makuru Makuru Ezvinhu Zvinokuvadza Mumvura
1. Kuburitswa Kwemaindasitiri: Mafekitari anogona kuburitsa simbi, zvinonyungudutsa, maasidhi, oiri, madhayi, zvekugezesa, zvine muchetura, uye mvura yetsvina isina kucheneswa munzira dzemvura dziri padyo kana magadzirirwo ekurapa kana madhirigi akatadza.
2. Agricultural Runoff: Mvura inogona kutakura fetereza, mishonga yezvipembenene, mishonga yesora, tsvina yemhuka, uye ivhu rine utachiona kubva muminda inoenda kunzizi, madziva, nzizi, uye madhamu, zvichiwedzera dzvinyiriro yamakemikari.
3. Kurasa Warasa Kwakashata: Marara ane ngozi emumba, ezvokurapa, emaindasitiri, uye ekutengesa anogona kuburitsa zvinhu zvine muchetura kana vanhu vachirasa, vachipisa, vachiviga, kana kuzvichengeta pasina kuchengetedzwa kwakakwana kwezvakatipoteredza.
4. Kusvibiswa kweOiri nePetroleum: Kurasika kwemafuta kubva papombi, kutakurwa, nzvimbo dzekuchengetera, mashandiro ekunze kwenyika, uye zviitiko zvisiri pamutemo zvinogona kuvhara pamusoro, kusvibisa madhiri, uye kuburitsa zvipenyu zvemumvura kumahydrocarbon ane muchetura.
5. Kucherwa uye Metal Processing: Zviitiko zvemigodhi zvinogona kuunza mercury, lead, arsenic, cadmium, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa mumigwagwa yemvura kuburikidza nedhiraivha, kukukurwa, miswe, kugadzirisa masara, uye kuburitswa netsaona.
Maitiro Ane Njodzi Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Hunhu Hwemvura
Zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinogona kushandura chimiro chemvura, makemikari, uye zvipenyu, zvichiita kuti mamiriro ezvinhu asakodzera zvipenyu zvemumvura zvinoda okisijeni chaiyo, tembiricha, acidity, uye huwandu hwekudya.
Simbi dzinorema dzinogona kuramba dzakasimba munzvimbo dzemumvura, nepo mishonga yezvipembenene nemafuta epetroleum inogona kudyidzana netsvina, organic zvinhu, zvidimbu zvakamiswa, uye zvipenyu mukati memvura ine tsvina.
Hunhu hwemvura hunogona kudzikira kana zvinhu zvine muchetura zvachinja okisijeni yakanyungudika, acidity, turbidity, chiyero chekudya kunovaka muviri, tembiricha, kana kuumbwa kwemakemikari, zvichikonzera kusagadzikana kunharaunda dzemumvura.
Shanduko idzi dzinogona kuve nengozi zvakanyanya kana zvinosvibisa zvasangana, nekuti zvipenyu zvemumvura zvinogona kusangana nezvinoshungurudza zvakawanda panguva imwe chete panzvimbo yekusangana kune chimwe chinhu chakasarudzika.
Misimboti inotsanangurwa mukati kutonga kwehutano hwemvura simbisa kudzivirira kusvibiswa, kudzora kuburitsa, uye matanho anoshanda anoderedza kusvibiswa kusati kwanyanya kukanganisa nharaunda.
Chimwe chinhu chinobatsira zvipenyu uye hunhu hwemvura ine tsvina, iyo inotaura nezvemhinduro dzezvakatipoteredza dzinosanganisira simbi, mishonga yezvipembenene, sedimentation, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa.
Mhedzisiro paHove neZvipenyu Zvemvura
1. Kuderedza Kukura: Sublethal kuratidzwa kumakemikari ane chepfu kunogona kukanganisa metabolism, kudya, kushandiswa kwesimba, uye kukura kwemuviri, zvichiita kuti hove dzakafumurwa nezvimwe zvipenyu zvikure zvishoma nezvishoma.
2. Matambudziko ekubereka: Zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvinogona kukanganisa mahomoni ekubereka, hunhu hwekubereka, kukura kwezai, kubereka, kana kurarama kwevana, zvishoma nezvishoma zvichideredza huwandu hwevanhu kunyangwe vakuru vachiri vapenyu.
3. Kuchinja Kwemaitiro: Mishonga yezvipembenene uye kutsvaga masimbi zvinogona kukanganisa kushambira, kudyisa, kudzidza, kudzivirira mhuka dzinodya mhuka, uye kufamba, zvichiita kuti mhuka dzakafumurwa dzisakwanise kupindura zvinobudirira kutyisidzira kwezvakatipoteredza.
4. Kufa Kwakananga: Kunyanya kuwandisa kwezvinhu zvine muchetura kunogona kukonzera chepfu nekukurumidza, kukuvadzwa kwetishu, kutadza kufema, matambudziko etsinga, kana kufa pakati pezvipenyu zvemumvura.
Kusvibiswa kwemafuta kunogona kuunza kumwe kukuvadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza nekuputira nzvimbo dzemumvura uye zvipenyu, kuderedza nzvimbo dzakakodzera dzekuberekesa uku uchifumura hove nedzimwe mhuka dzesango kune zvinoramba zvichiitika peturu.
Mhedzisiro yakafara yezvakatipoteredza yekusvibiswa kwemaindasitiri inokurukurwawo mukati kukanganisa kwemarara emaindasitiri pavanhu nemhoteredzo, kusanganisira kusvibiswa kunotyisidzira hove nedzimwe mhuka.
Saizvozvowo, kukanganisa kwakawanda kwemarara pane zvakatipoteredza inotsanangura kuti tsvina yemumaindasitiri ine oiri, zvinovaka muviri, uye simbi inogona kuchinja sei miviri inogashira mvura.
Bioaccumulation uye Chikafu Chain Njodzi
1. Kutorwa NeZvipenyu Zvidiki: Plankton, algae, shellfish, tumbuyu, uye zvimwe zvipenyu zvinogona kutora utachiona zvakananga kubva mumvura yakasvibiswa kana zvidimbu zvakasvibiswa mukati mezvakatipoteredza.
2. Kuunganidza Muhove: Hove dzinogona kudya zvipenyu zvine utachiona uye dzichichengeta makemikari anoramba ari munyama yadzo, kunyanya kana miviri yadzo ichitora zvinosvibisa nekukurumidza kupfuura zvadzinogona kuzvibvisa.
3. Biomagnification: Zvikara zvinodya zvipenyu zvakawanda zvakasvibiswa, zvichiita kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvinoramba zvichisvika pakuwanda mumhuka dzakakwirira mukati mecheni yezvokudya zvemumvura.
4. Kuratidzwa kwevanhu: Vanhu vanokwanisa kumedza tsvina inenge yaunganidzwa nekudya hove nehove dzine tsvina, kunyanya kana simbi dzine chepfu nekemikari inoramba yakamira ichigara munyama inodyika.
Mercury inopa muenzaniso wekare nekuti methylmercury inogona kuungana muzvisikwa zvemumvura uye pakupedzisira inosvika kuvanhu kuburikidza nehove dzakasvibiswa, zvichigadzira zvakakomba hutano hweveruzhinji.
Marara ane njodzi anogona nokudaro kukuvadza zvipenyu zvemumvura kupfuura kwazvaibva, kunyanya kana makemikari anoramba achifamba, akaungana, uye oramba achiwanikwa kwenguva yakareba.
Information about manyuko uye kupatsanurwa kwemarara ane ngozi inobatsira kutsanangura kuti sei maindasitiri, mishonga, petroleum, simbi, machira, uye mabasa epamba achigona kupinza zvinhu zvine njodzi mumvura.
Makemikoro emumba anokoshawo nokuti zvinhu zvokuchenesa, zvinonyungudutsa, mishonga yezvipembenene, pendi, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kupedzisira zvapinda mumvura inoraswa kana kuti pombi dzemvura apo vanhu vanorasa zvisina kufanira.
Ichi ndicho chikonzero kushandiswa kwemarara ane njodzi mudzimba inoramba yakakosha pakudzivirira zvinhu zvine njodzi kufamba nemumadhireni, ivhu, kuyerera kwepamusoro, uye masisitimu emvura yetsvina.
Sediments uye Yenguva Yakareba Kusvibiswa Kwemvura
Simbi dzinorema uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvinowanzo namatira kune zvakaturikwa zvimedu zvisati zvagara panzizi, pasi pemadziva, matsime emvura, nenzvimbo dzine mvura, zvichigadzira marara ane hutachiona anogona kuramba ari kwemakore.
Kunyangwe kana masamples emvura achiratidza kudzikira kusvibiswa kwetsvina, tsvina yakasvibiswa inogona kuramba ichifumura zvipenyu zvinogara pasi kuburikidza nekusangana kwakananga, mabasa ekudyisa, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kuburitswa kwemakemikari.
Kuvhiringika kunokonzerwa nemadutu, kudhonzwa kwemvura, mafashamo, kuvaka, kukwira chikepe, kana mafungu ane simba anogona kumisazve zvimedu zvakasvibiswa uye kudzorera zvinosvibisa zvakambovigwa pachikamu chemvura.
Kugadziriswa kwemvura yetsvina kunogona kuderedza kufamba kunosvibisa kana kwakanyatsogadzirwa nekuti sedimentation, filtration, coagulation, uye mamwe matanho ekurapa anobvisa zvinhu zvakamiswa mvura isati yacheneswa yasvika pakuwana mvura.
Nhungamiro yakadzama pa sedimentation maitiro mukurapwa kwemvura yakasviba inotsanangura kuti zvakaturikwa zvinopatsanurwa sei uye zvinonangidzirwa kune kumwe kurapwa kana kuraswa kunodzorwa.
Izvo zvinhu zvinodzora kugadzika kwechikamu zvakare zvine basa kana uchigadzira anoshanda ekurapa masisitimu, sekutsanangurwa kwazvino mukati sedimentation uye kudzora kwayo zvinhu.
Nekuti zvinosvibisa zvinogona kuramba zvakavharirwa mukati metsvina, manejimendi ezvakatipoteredza anofanirwa kufunga ese masampuli emvura nemadhipoziti epasi paunenge uchiongorora mamiriro akazara enzvimbo yakasvibiswa yemvura.
Nzira Yekudzivirira Kusvibiswa Kwemvura Ine Ngozi
1. Kudzora Kuburitswa Kwemaindasitiri: Maindasitiri anofanirwa kuchenesa mvura yetsvina, kutarisa kunaka kwetsvina, kuchengetedza masisitimu emidziyo, uye kudzivirira makemikari ane njodzi asina kurapwa kuti asapinda muhova, nzizi, madziva, kana matoro ari pedyo.
2. Manage Agricultural Chemicals: Varimi vanofanira kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene nefetereza zvine hungwaru, kutevedzera zviyero zvinokurudzirwa, kuchengetedza migero yemvura, uye kudzivirira nzvimbo dzekuchengetera makemikari kuti dzisasangana nemvura.
3. Nandudza Mabatirwo Emarara: Tsvina ine ngozi inoda kuunganidzwa kwakachengeteka, kuchengetwa, kutakurwa, kurapwa, nekurasa masisitimu ayo anodzivirira kubuda, kuyerera, kubuda netsaona, kana kuraswa zvakananga.
4. Dzivirira Nzvimbo Dzinopararira: Zviteshi zvemafuta, mashopu, nzvimbo dzekuchengetera, mafekitari, mapurazi, uye mashandiro ezvekufambisa anofanirwa kuchengetedza hurongwa hwekudzivirira kurashikirwa, zvinhu zvinonwisa mvura, masisitimu emidziyo, uye nzira dzemhinduro dzechimbichimbi.
5. Bata Mvura Yakasviba nemazvo: Kurapa kunoshanda kunogona kubvisa zvakamiswa zvimedu, organic matter, zvinovaka muviri, utachiona, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa makemikari mvura yetsvina isati yasvika kumvura yakasikwa.
Zviito zvinoshanda zve kudzora kusvibiswa kwemvura zvinosanganisira kudzikisira zvitubu zvinosvibisa, kunatsiridza marara, kuteedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza, uye kudzivirira mitumbi yemvura kuti isasvibiswa.
Mamwe mazano ekudzivirira anosanganisira kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemvura kuburikidza nekurapa uye maitiro anochengetedza, kunyanya uko maindasitiri, manisipala, zvekurima, uye zviitiko zvemumba zvinokonzeresa kuenderera mberi kwekusvibisa.
Kusvibiswa kwemafuta kunofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya nekuti mafuta epetroleum anogona kupararira nekukurumidza pamusoro pemvura uye kukuvadza nzvimbo dzinogara hove, matoro, mangrove, mahombekombe, uye hove dzakakosha mune zvehupfumi.
Migumisiro yekusvibiswa kwepetroleum inoongororwa mukati kusvibiswa kwemafuta, mhedzisiro yayo, manyuko, uye mamiriro ekunze, kusanganisira kukanganisa kwezvipenyu zvemumvura uye nharaunda dzinotsamira pamvura yakakanganisika.
Verenga zvakare: Mvura uye Wastewater Management Complete Guide
Kuongorora uye Kugadzirisa Zvinhu Zvinokuvadza paMvura
Kunyatsoongorora kunobatsira zviremera, maindasitiri, vaongorori, uye nharaunda kuona zvinosvibisa kusvibiswa kusati kwapararira, nepo sampling inodzokororwa inoratidza shanduko yemhando yemvura uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza.
Zvirongwa zvekutarisa zvinogona kuongorora zviratidzo zvemuviri, makemikari, uye zvipenyu, zvinosanganisira tembiricha, acidity, okisijeni yakanyungudika, chikafu, simbi, mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, kusvibiswa kwehutachiona, sediments, hutano hwehove, uye zvipenyu.
Kutariswa kwakavimbika kunoda zviratidzo zvakakodzera, nzira dzesampling dzinoenderana, nzira dzemurabhoritari dzakakodzera, marekodhi echokwadi, uye kududzira kwakajeka kwemhedzisiro inopesana nezvinangwa zvemhando yemvura.
Kukosha kwehurongwa zvirongwa zvekuongorora zvakatipoteredza zviri pachena nekuti kuyerwa kunogona kuratidza makemikari ane chepfu, hutachiona hwehutachiona, uye dzimwe njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza dzinokanganisa mitumbi yemvura.
Kugadziriswa kwemvura yetsvina kunoramba kuri imwe nhanho huru yekudzora nekuti masisitimu akagadzirwa zvakanaka anogona kuderedza zvinosvibisa asati abuda uye kubatsira kudzivirira pasi pemvura ecosystem kubva pakufumurwa kwemakemikari zvisina kufanira.
Guidance on Kugadziriswa kwemvura yetsvina uye nhungamiro zviyero inotsanangura kukosha kwezviyero zvemhando yemvura pakuchengetedza vanhu apo ichivandudza mabatirwo emvura ine tsvina.
Matanho ekurapa anogona kusanganisira coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, biological treatment, advanced chemical process, uye disinfection, zvichienderana netsvina uye mhando yakanangwa yemvura yakacheneswa.
Vaverengi vanogona kuongorora zvinangwa zvekurapa kwemvura uye maitiro ekurapa kuti unzwisise kuti matanho ekurapa akasiyana sei anobvisa zvakamiswa zvinhu, tupukanana, organic matter, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa.
Kuchengetedzwa kwemishonga yezvipembenene kunokoshawo nekuti makemikari anoiswa pazvirimwa anogona kufamba nemuvhu uye anozopedzisira asvika pamvura yepasi kana pamusoro pemvura kuburikidza nekuyerera, kunyungudika, kukurwa kwevhu, uye madhiraini.
Useful background on kuparadzwa kwezvipembenene uye metabolism inotsanangura kuti maitiro emakemikari anokanganisa sei kuramba, kufamba kwezvakatipoteredza, detoxification, uye inogona kusvibisa ivhu nemvura.
Kufamba kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene kunotsamira pamwe pamaitiro evhu, mwando, zvinhu zvemakemikari, uye mafambisirwo ezvipembenene, izvo zvinogona kuona kuti zvinosvibisa zvinoramba zvakasungwa here kana kuti zvichienda kumvura.
Hukama uhu hunoongororwa zvakare kuburikidza kufamba kwemishonga yezvipembenene uye kunyura muvhu, iyo inobatsira kutsanangura kuti makemikari ekurima anogona sei kusvika munzvimbo dzakaoma dzemvura.
Kuchengetedzwa kwemishonga yezvipembenene zvakakodzera kunoderedzawo kusvibiswa kwetsaona nokuti midziyo inenge yakuvadzwa, inodonhedza, kusabatwa zvakanaka, uye nzvimbo dzokuchengetera dzisina kufanira zvinogona kugadzira nzira dzakananga dzinoenda kumvura, hova, matsime, uye madziva.
Guidance on kuchengeta, kubata, nekurasa zvinonhuhwirira inosimbisa kuchengetedza kwakachengeteka uye kunyatsobata maitiro anobatsira kudzivirira makemikari kubva pakusvibisa mvura, zvokudya, chikafu, vanhu, uye mhuka.
Kudzivirirwa kwemvura zvakare kunoenderana nekutonga kwakavakirwa pasi pevhu nekuti ivhu rakasviba, nzvimbo dzemigodhi, petroleum mashandiro, uye ivhu rakasakara rinogona kuramba richiendesa zvinosvibisa munzvimbo dziri pedyo dzemumvura.
Hurukuro ye ivhu uye mineral resource management inoratidza kuti mabasa akadai sekuongorora oiri anogona kukanganisa sei hova, nzizi, matoro, nzvimbo dzinogara mumvura, uye zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Kurasa zvisina kufanira kunogadzira imwe nzira nekuti kunaya kwemvura kunogona kugeza makemikari ane njodzi kubva mumirwi yemarara, nzvimbo dzekurasira marara, maworkshop, nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri, nenzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzemumba kupinda pamusoro uye pasi pevhu.
Research on migumisiro yezvakatipoteredza yekuraswa kwemarara kusina kunaka inosimbisa kusvibiswa kwemvura pamwe chete nemimwe mhedzisiro yezvakatipoteredza inokonzerwa nekubata zvisina hanya uye kuraswa kwemarara.
Pakupedzisira, kutonga kunoshanda kunoda kushandira pamwe pakati pemaindasitiri, varimi, dzimba, vatongi, vaongorori, uye nharaunda nekuti kusvibiswa kwemvura hakuwanzo kubva pachiitwa chimwe chete kana kwakabva.
Pfupiso pamusoro peMigumisiro Yezvinhu Zvinokuvadza paMvura neHupenyu Hwemvura
| Aspect | Summary |
|---|---|
| Zvinhu zvine ngozi | Zvinosanganisira simbi dzine chepfu, mishonga yezvipembenene, mafuta epetroleum, makemikari omumaindasitiri, uye tsvina ine ngozi inogona kupinda munzvimbo dzemumvura. |
| Main sources | Kuraswa kwemarara mumaindasitiri, kupera kwekurima, kuraswa kwemarara zvisina kufanira, migodhi, mabasa epeturu, dzimba, uye kuraswa kwetsaona zvinopa zvakawanda. |
| Unhu hwemvura | Zvinosvibisa zvinogona kushandura makemikari, muviri, uye zvipenyu mamiriro ezvinhu, zvichikanganisa oxygen, acidity, chikafu, kujeka, uye kugadzikana kwezvakatipoteredza. |
| Zvipenyu zvemumvura | Kuratidzwa kunogona kuderedza kukura, kubereka, kudya, kufamba, kudzivirira mhuka, kurarama, uye kugadzikana kwehuwandu hwevanhu. |
| Maketani ezvokudya | Makemikari anoramba aripo anogona kuungana mukati mezvipenyu uye anowedzera kunyura muzvikara zvakakwirira mukati mecheni dzekudya zvemumvura. |
| Sediments | Zvizhinji zvinosvibisa zvinonamatira kune zvimedu uye zvinogara mumarara, zvichigadzira kusvibiswa kwenguva refu kunogona kudzokera kumvura kana kukanganiswa. |
| Utano hwevanhu | Vanhu vanogona kutarisana nekufumurwa kuburikidza nemvura yekunwa ine tsvina, hove, shellfish, mitambo yekuzvivaraidza, kana kusangana nebasa. |
| Kudzivirira | Kudzora kunobva, kutonga kwemarara kwakaringana, kurapwa kwemvura yetsvina, kudzivirira kurashikirwa, kutarisa, kudzora, uye kushandiswa kwemakemikari zvine chekuita kunoderedza njodzi. |
Mibvunzo Inowanzo Kubvunzwa Nezve Mhedzisiro Yezvinhu Zvinokuvadza paMvura neHupenyu Hwemvura
1. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvine njodzi pamvura?
Zvinhu zvine njodzi pamvura makemikari anokuvadza, simbi, mishonga yezvipembenene, mafuta epetroleum, tsvina, kana zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvinogona kukanganisa kunaka kwemvura uye zvipenyu zvemumvura.
2. Zvinhu zvine ngozi zvinopinda sei mumvura?
Vanogona kupinda kuburikidza nezvinobuda mumaindasitiri, kuyerera kwekurima, tsvina yetsvina, kuraswa kwemarara zvisina kufanira, migodhi, kuraswa kweoiri, kuiswa kwemuchadenga, hurongwa hwekuchengetera hwakakuvadzwa, uye kuburitswa netsaona.
3. Zvinhu zvine ngozi zvinokanganisa sei hove?
Zvinogona kukonzera chepfu, kuderera kwekukura, matambudziko ekubereka, kuchinja kwemaitiro, kushaya simba kudzivirira mhuka, kusagadzikana kwemuviri, kuparara kwenzvimbo, uye kufa kana kuratidzwa kukanyanya.
4. Chii chinonzi bioaccumulation muzvisikwa zvemumvura?
Bioaccumulation inoitika kana chipenyu chikatora zvinosvibisa nekukurumidza kupfuura zvazvinobvisa, zvichiita kuti mamwe makemikari awedzere kuungana mukati mematishu nekufamba kwenguva.
5. Chii chinonzi biomagnification mumhoteredzo yemvura?
Biomagnification inoitika kana zvinosvibisa zvinoramba zvichiwedzera kunyura muzvipenyu pamazinga epamusoro echeni yechikafu nekuti zvikara zvinodya zvipenyu zvakawanda zvine utachiona.
6. Nei marara omumvura achikosha mukudzora kusvibiswa?
Sediments inogona kuchengeta simbi inorema uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa kwenguva yakareba, asi madutu, kudonhedza, mafashama, kana mafungu anogona kumisazve zvimedu zvakasvibiswa uye kufumura zvipenyu zvakare.
7. Ko kuwanda kwekemikari kushoma kuchiri kukuvadza zvipenyu zvemumvura here?
Ehe. Kudzikira kwakadzika kunogona kuburitsa zvisizvo pakukura, kubereka, maitiro, physiology, kudzidza, kudya, kudzivirira mhuka, uye kugadzikana kwevanhu pasina kukonzera kufa kunoonekwa nekukurumidza.
8. Kusvibiswa kwemvura kune ngozi kungadziviswa sei?
Kudzivirira kunoda kushandiswa kwemakemikari zvine hungwaru, kurapa kwemvura yetsvina kunoshanda, manejimendi emarara ane njodzi, kudzivirira kurashikirwa, kutonga kwekurima, kutarisa, kuteedzera, uye kuziva nharaunda.
9. Sei kutarisa kwakakosha kune zvinhu zvinokuvadza zviri mumvura?
Kuongorora kunozivisa zvinosvibisa, kuronda shanduko, kuona njodzi dzirikumuka, kunotsigira kuteedzera mutemo, kunodzivirira zvipenyu zvemumvura, uye kunobatsira zviremera kusarudza marapirwo akakodzera uye matanho ekudzivirira kusvibiswa.
10. Mvura ine utachiona inogona kukanganisa vanhu nehove here?
Ehe. Hove nehove zvinogona kuunganidza zvinosvibisa zvisingaperi zvakadai semercury nemamwe makemikari, zvichiita kuti vanhu vaonekwe pavanodya zvokudya zvemumvura zvine utachiona.
Iwe une chero mibvunzo, mazano, kana mipiro? Kana zvirizvo, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kushandisa bhokisi rekutaura pazasi kugovera pfungwa dzako. Tinokukurudzirawo kuti ugoverane nomutsa mashoko aya nevamwe vangabatsirwa nawo. Sezvo tisingakwanisi kusvika munhu wose panguva imwe chete, tinoonga zvechokwadi rubatsiro rwenyu mukuparadzira shoko. Ndinokutendai zvikuru nerutsigiro rwenyu uye nokugoverana!
Verenga zvakare: Magadzirirwo Emarara kubva kuFarm Hove Kuti Adzivirire Kukonzera Njodzi