It takes both primary treatment and secondary treatment combined to make a properly designed on-site sewage disposal system. Primary Treatmenti s the initial process in… Read More »Components of On-Site Sewage Disposal System
Man is using more water in more and more ways. Although lakes, rivers and oceans have considerable ability to purify themselves by biological action, the… Read More »Classes and Sources of Water Pollutants
When water is desired to sustain and support life, it is required in adequate quantity and desirable quality. You should have learnt about the desirable… Read More »What is Wastewater and Sources of Wastewaters
Sometimes, we ask ourselves questions such as what are the contaminates in water, what are their concentration levels, and do they pose short or long… Read More »Effects of Contaminated Water on Man
The first step in a site investigation should be the gathering of background information. information concerning the history of activity at a site (including locations… Read More »Site History-Evaluating Existing Data/File Information
Recycling involves the collection of used and discarded materials which are processed and turn into making new products. It reduces the amount of waste that… Read More »Meaning and Steps Involved in Waste Recycling
1. Industrialized Countries Perhaps in no field of municipal solid waste management are the differences between the industrialized countries and the developing countries so apparent… Read More »The Different Systems of Waste Reduction
In affluent countries, the main motivations for waste reduction are frequently related to the high cost and scarcity of suitable sites associated with the establishment… Read More »Importance of Waste Reduction and Household Waste Minimization
Steps can be taken to ensure that the number of reject batches is kept to a minimum. This is achieved by increasing the frequency of… Read More »Improved Quality Control and Process Monitoring
Traditionally, waste is viewed as an unnecessary element arising from the activities of any industry. In reality, waste is a misplaced resource, existing at a… Read More »Definition and Waste Minimization/Reduction Process
Vermi composting involves the stabilization of organic solid waste through earthworm consumption which converts the material into worm castings. Vermi composting is the result of… Read More »Vermi Composting (Manure Pit)
Community level composting may be resorted to when management of solid waste at household level is not possible. For community level composting, the waste managers… Read More »Community Level Composting (Manure Pit)
At each household, two manure pits should be dug. The size of the pit will depend upon the quantity of refuse to be disposed of… Read More »Household Level Composting (Manure Pit)
Composting is one of the options for treatment of solid waste. In composting process the organic matter breaks down under bacterial action resulting in the… Read More »Composting (Manure Pit) Description
Sanitary landfill was originally meant to be the last destination of waste materials. As such, by the year 2000, more than 50 per cent of… Read More »Advantages and Disadvantages of Sanitary Landfill
Incineration is the process of destroying waste materials by burning it within the temperature range of 9000C – 12000C. This is a controlled combustion process… Read More »Incineration Process, Incinerators and their Types
The main components of any secured, permitted landfill are: Bottom Liner :- The bottom liner separates and prevents the buried waste from coming in contact… Read More »Components of a Landfill and Landfill Operation
Sanitary landfill also known as controlled tipping is the practice of waste disposal in which waste is stacked to decay under controlled conditions. Wikipedia Encyclopedia… Read More »Definition and Basic Requirements of Sanitary Landfill
