Recent changes in climate, such as warmer temperatures in certain regions, have already had significant impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems. They have affected species distributions,… Read More »Climate Change and Sustainability
Random sampling is usually designed to ensure that each of the population of sampling units has an equal chance of being selected. Standard statistical methods… Read More »Method of Studying Biodiversity
The sun is the main source of energy to all life on earth. Green plants and photosynthetic bacteria need light to manufacture their food. Animals… Read More »Environmental Factors that Influence the Distribution and Abundance of Biodiversity
When there is a threat to biodiversity, what would quickly come to mind is extinction. Extinction is a natural event and, from a geological perspective,… Read More »Biodiversity and Species Extinction
Generally, benefits arising from the conservation of components of biological diversity can be considered in three groups: ecosystem services, biological resources and social benefits. Some… Read More »The Value of Biodiversity Components
Knowledge of the history of biodiversity is derives from two primary sources. The first is analyses of data from the fossil record, and the second… Read More »Sources of Biodiversity Record
Ecosystem diversity encompasses the broad differences between ecosystem types, and the diversity of habitats and ecological processes occurring within each ecosystem type. It is harder… Read More »Ecosystem Diversity and Classification
Species diversity refers to the variety of species. Aspects of species diversity can be measured in a number of ways. Most of these ways can… Read More »Species Diversity, Aspects and Measure of Species Richness
Biological diversity or biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms: the different plants, animals and microorganisms, the genes they contain, and the ecosystems they… Read More »Genetic Diversity and Levels of Biodiversity
Many of our daily chores such as bathing, doing laundry, flushing toilets, repairing meals, washing dishes and other activities generate wastewater. Few people give thought… Read More »On-site Municipal Wastewaters Treatment
If your home water comes from a public water supply, it has been tested and meets the Environmental Protection Agency standards for drinking water. If… Read More »Meaning and Difference between Palatable Water and Potable Water
People have specific water quality requirements for drinking water, recreation, agriculture and industry; although the specific water quality requirements vary by sector. Degradation of water… Read More »Global Water Quality Conditions in the World
Water bodies, both freshwater and saline water can be generally characterized with a number of attributes. In this section are a number of some of… Read More »Chemical and Physical Properties of a Water Body
The environment has a natural absorptive, self-cleansing capacity. However, if this is exceeded, biodiversity is lost, livelihoods are affected, natural food sources (e.g. fish) are… Read More »Freshwater and Potential Risk of Human Activities
Constituents of Freshwater: Freshwater is the non-saline (i.e. contains very little percentage of salt chemicals) part of the planet-wide water cycle. Lakes, rivers, precipitation (ice,… Read More »Freshwater and the Need for its Management
It takes both primary treatment and secondary treatment combined to make a properly designed on-site sewage disposal system. Primary Treatmenti s the initial process in… Read More »Components of On-Site Sewage Disposal System
Man is using more water in more and more ways. Although lakes, rivers and oceans have considerable ability to purify themselves by biological action, the… Read More »Classes and Sources of Water Pollutants
When water is desired to sustain and support life, it is required in adequate quantity and desirable quality. You should have learnt about the desirable… Read More »What is Wastewater and Sources of Wastewaters
