Ukucwiliswa kwamanzi ekuniseleni kwenzeka lapho ukufaka amanzi ngokuphindaphindiwe kuphakamisa umswakama wenhlabathi ngaphezu kwezinga elingasetshenziswa izitshalo ngokuphepha. I-drainage engekho kahle igcina indawo yempande igcwele isikhathi eside.
Ukuchelela kusekela ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo okuthembekile lapho imvula ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sezitshalo, kodwa ukufaka ngokweqile kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu zomhlabathi. Okubili okukhathazayo okukhulu ukugcwala kukasawoti kanye nokugcwala kwamanzi okuqhubekayo emasimini.
Lapho amanzi okunisela ehwamuka noma eshiya ngokushintshashintsha kwezitshalo, usawoti oncibilikile usala ngemuva emhlabathini. Ukunqwabelana okuqhubekayo kunganciphisa ukutholakala kwamanzi ezimpandeni futhi kuvimbele ukukhula kwezitshalo okuvamile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Waterlogging iqala lapho ukuchelela, ukugeleza kwamanzi, imvula, noma ukugcwala kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kunezela amanzi ngokushesha kunokuba inhlabathi ingawasusa. Ithebula lamanzi elikhuphukayo lingagcina lifinyelele endaweni yempande esebenzayo futhi lihlale lapho.
Zombili lezi zinkinga zingenzeka ndawonye ngenxa yokuthi inhlabathi egcwele amanzi ivamise ukungabi namanzi emvelo, kuyilapho ukuchelela okuphindaphindiwe kwengeza usawoti oncibilikisiwe. Ngakho-ke ukuchelela okuphumelelayo kudinga ukuhlela kahle kwamanzi, ukugeleza kwamanzi, nokuqapha inhlabathi.
Izimbangela Zokugcwala kwamanzi Ekucheleni
Ukugcwala kwamanzi kungakhula ngisho nasemapulazini akhiqizayo lapho inani lokunisela, ukugeleza kwamanzi ensimini, izakhiwo zomhlabathi, nezimo zamanzi angaphansi komhlaba zingalawulwa ndawonye. Izinto eziningi ezisebenzisanayo zivame ukudala ukugcwala ngokweqile kumaphrojekthi amaningi okunisela.
1. Ukunisela Ngenkasa: Ukusebenzisa amanzi amaningi kunaleyo izitshalo ezingasebenzisa amaqabunga omswakamo ongaphezulu endaweni yezimpande. Ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe kungase kucindezele amanzi phansi futhi kancane kancane kukhuphule izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngaphansi kwezinkundla.
2. I-Canal Seepage: Imisele engalayishiwe kanye nemigudu yokunisela eyonakele ingalahlekelwa amanzi amaningi enhlabathini ezungezile. Ukugeleza kwamanzi okuqhubekayo kwandisa ukushajwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba futhi kungase kudale izimo ezimanzi eduze nengqalasizinda yokunisela namasimu.
3. Amanzi Emvelo Angemuhle: Umhlabathi wobumba olusindayo, izingqimba ezivimbelayo ezingashoni, nendawo eyisicaba kunganciphisa ukuhamba kwamanzi ehla. Izinsimu ezinomthamo olinganiselwe wokudonsa amanzi ngakho-ke zihlala zigcwele isikhathi eside ngemva kokunisela noma imvula.
4. Amanzi Ahamba Phansi Akhuphukayo: Amanzi angaphansi angashoni adala enye indlela eya ekucwilisweni kwamanzi ngoba ukulahlekelwa kokunisela kungagcwalisa kabusha itafula lamanzi. Abalimi kufanele baqaphe ukuphathwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba lapho ukugcwaliswa kwenhlabathi kukhula ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphansi kwendawo yezimpande zezitshalo namuhla.
5. Isicelo Senkambu Engalingani: Amasistimu aklanywe kabi angase aphuze amanzi ngokweqile kwezinye izindawo kuyilapho ezinye zishiya zomile. Ukusebenzisa okufanelekile ukufaneleka komhlaba ulwazi kanye nokuhlelwa kwensimu okunembile kungathuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa nokunciphisa ama-patches amanzi.
6. Ukucinana kwenhlabathi: Ukuhamba kwemishini nokutshala ngokuphindaphindiwe kungacindezela izimbotshana zomhlabathi futhi kuvimbele ukugeleza kwamanzi. Okungcono ukucekelwa phansi komhlabathi imikhuba ingagcina ukwakheka kwenhlabathi futhi ivumele amanzi amaningi ukuthi ahambe ngokukhululeka.
Funda Futhi: Kulimaza Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi Angcolile Umhlahlandlela ophelele
Ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye Nemiphumela Yokuguguleka Kwenhlabathi
Ngenxa yokuthi amapulazi akhiqizayo ancike enhlabathini enempilo, ukugeleza nokuguguleka kunganciphisa inani lamanzi asele etholakala ezitshalweni. Ngakho-ke ukuphatha ukuchelela kufanele kuvikele ukwakheka komhlabathi nokuvunda.
Amanzi ahamba ngokushesha endaweni evulekile angahlukanisa futhi athuthe inhlabathi engaphezulu, imisoco, izinto eziphilayo, nezinto eziphilayo zomhlabathi. Ukulahlekelwa okuwumphumela kwenza buthaka amandla ensimu okusekela ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo okungaguquki.
Umhlabathi oguguleke kakhulu ungase umunce amanzi amancane ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kwendawo kanye nezindlela zokungena ziyashintsha. Ukuvikela umhlaba ngezitshalo kanye nokutshala ngokucophelela kunganciphisa ukugeleza kuyilapho kulondoloza umswakama wezitshalo.
Ama-canopies ezihlahla, izinsalela zezitshalo, utshani, nezitshalo ezisithekile zinetha imvula ngaphambi kokuba ifinyelele emhlabathini. Lezi zinyathelo zinganciphisa isivinini sokugeleza futhi zehlise amandla atholakalayo ukuze kukhishwe izinhlayiya zomhlabathi.
Abalimi nabo kufanele baqonde ukuguguleka komhlabathi ngoba ukulahlekelwa kwenhlabathi okuphindaphindiwe kungadalula izingqimba ezivundile kancane futhi kunciphise ukujula kwezimpande. Ngakho-ke ukulawulwa kokuguguleka kusekela ukongiwa kwamanzi kanye nokukhiqiza ensimini yesikhathi eside.
Ukugeleza kwamanzi kungathwala umanyolo, izibulala-zinambuzane, izinsalela, nezinye izinto emanzini. Izinkambu eziphethwe kahle zinciphisa lokhu kudluliselwa ngokugcina ikhava yaphansi, ukuthuthukisa ukungena, nokulawula ukuchelela ngokweqile noma ukugeleza kwamanzi eziphepho, ukuvikela eduze ukungcola kwamanzi izinhlelo.
Ukulawulwa okusebenzayo kokugeleza kwamanzi kufanele kuhambisane nokuhlelwa kokunisela esikhundleni sokusebenza ngokuhlukana. Ukugcina inhlabathi imboziwe, ukugcina imizila yokudonsa amanzi, kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kungenasidingo kungavikela amasimu ekugugulekeni nasekugcwaleni amanzi.
Ukufakwa kukasawoti Kwenhlabathi Ezinsimini Eziniselwe
Amanzi okunisela aqukethe amaminerali ancibilikile futhi umswakama wenhlabathi ezihlala emhlabathini ngemva kokuba amanzi ehwamukile noma izitshalo zimunca umswakama. Lapho usawoti unqwabelana ngokushesha kunokuba usuke, inhlabathi kancane kancane iba nezimo ezinosawoti eziyingozi.
Ukugcwala kukasawoti kuba yingozi kakhulu lapho ukuhwamuka kudlula imvula noma lapho amanzi engakwazi ukuthwala usawoti oncibilikisiwe ngaphansi kwendawo yezimpande. Izindawo ezifuywayo eziwugwadule nezingasomile zibhekana nokucindezela okunamandla okuhwamuka.
Usawoti unciphisa amandla ezimpande zezitshalo ukumunca amanzi ngoba usawoti oncibilikisiwe wandisa umfutho we-osmotic kusixazululo senhlabathi. Ngakho-ke izilimo zingase zibe nokucindezeleka kwamanzi ngisho noma inhlabathi ibonakala inomswakama.
Omunye usawoti ungalimaza izicubu zezitshalo ngokuqondile noma uphazamise ibhalansi yezakhi. Izitshalo ezizwelayo zingase zibonise ukuhluma okungekuhle, ukuhangula kwamaqabunga, ukukhula kancane, ukukhula okungalingani, kanye nesivuno esiphansi ngaphansi kwezimo zikasawoti eziqhubekayo.
Abalimi bangakwazi ukulawula ubungozi ngokuhlola amanzi okunisela kanye nenhlabathi njalo, bakhethe izilimo ezifanele, benze ngcono ukugeleza kwamanzi, nokulandela okufanele. ngcono izinga lamanzi izimiso zokuvikela indawo yempande ngempumelelo.
Usawoti ungaba kubi kakhulu lapho ukuhwamuka kudonsela amanzi phezulu, kushiye usawoti oncibilikile ngemuva. Imijikelezo ephindaphindiwe igxilisa usawoti ngaphakathi kwezingqimba zenhlabathi engaphezulu, kuyilapho ukunyakaza kwezibulala-zinambuzane ingase iziphathe ngendlela ehlukile enhlabathini eguquliwe.
Izinguquko zamakhemikhali nezomzimba zingase zihambisane nokunqwabelana kukasawoti, kunciphise ukwakheka kwenhlabathi nokungena emanzini ezimeni ezinzima. Ukwehla kwesimo senhlabathi okuwumphumela kungenza ukuchelela esikhathini esizayo kungabi nampumelelo futhi kubize kakhulu.
Ukunqwabelana kukasawoti kungase kwenyuse izindleko zokubuyisela amasimu awonakele ngoba abalimi bangase badinge amanzi athuthukisiwe, amanzi ekhwalithi engcono, izitshalo ezibekezelelayo, izichibiyelo, nokuphathwa ngokucophelela phakathi nezinkathi eziningana zokutshala.
Ukugcwala kwamanzi kanye Nokulimala Kwezimpande Zezitshalo
Ukugcwala kwamanzi kunciphisa umoya otholakala ngaphakathi kwezimbotshana zomhlabathi, okushiya izimpande zezitshalo zingenawo umoya-mpilo owanele wokuphefumula. Umsebenzi wezimpande uyehla lapho ukugcwala kwamanzi kuqhubeka, okwenza buthaka ikhono lesitshalo lokumunca amanzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izimo ezigcwele zingalimaza izinhlelo zezimpande futhi zinciphise ukumuncwa kwezakhi, noma ngabe imisoco ihlala ikhona emhlabathini. Izitshalo zingase zibe namahlamvu aphuzi, ukukhula kancane, izimpande ezingajulile, noma izimbali ezimbi nxazonke amanzi angaphansi komhlaba nama-aquifers.
Ukugcwala kwamanzi kungakhuphula umfutho wezifo ngoba izimo ezimanzi zithanda amagciwane amaningana atholakala emhlabathini futhi zenze buthaka izicubu zezitshalo. Izitshalo ezidinga inhlabathi engenisa umoya kahle zivame ukulahlekelwa ukukhiqiza okukhulu ngaphansi kokugcwala okuqhubekayo.
Ukugcwala kwamanzi kubambezela ukusebenza kwensimu ngoba inhlabathi egcwele ayikwazi ukusekela imishini ngokuphepha. Ukutshala, ukutshala, ukuvuna, nokulawula ukhula kungase kube nzima, kukhuphule izidingo zabasebenzi kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza kubalimi ngezikhathi ezimanzi kakhulu.
Lapho ukugcwala kwamanzi kuqhubeka ezindaweni ezinkulu, amapulazi akhiqizayo angase angabi namandla kwezomnotho. Yingakho ukugeleza kwamanzi okusebenzayo kuhlala kubalulekile nomaphi lapho ukuchelela kunezela amanzi amaningi emhlabathini wezolimo ngaphandle kokungenelela ngesikhathi.
Ukugcwala okungapheli kunganciphisa ukuhlola izimpande futhi kunciphise umthamo wenhlabathi kanye ukulondolozwa kwenhlabathi etholakalayo ukuze kutholwe izakhi. Izitshalo zingase zingazinzi kahle ngokomzimba, ikakhulukazi lapho inhlabathi emanzi iphelelwa amandla futhi iwe.
Ukugcwala kwamanzi kungase kuhlanganyele nosawoti ngenxa yokuthi akujulile ukungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ingathwala usawoti oncibilikisiwe phezulu. Njengoba amanzi ehwamuka eduze nangaphezulu, lawo masawoti anganqwabelana kuyilapho amanzi ampofu eqhubeka nokukhawulela ukususwa kwawo.
Izimpawu Eziyisixwayiso Zobusawoti kanye Nokugcwala kwamanzi
Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kusiza abalimi ukuthi balungise izinkinga zokunisela nokukhipha amanzi ngaphambi kokuba kube nokulahlekelwa okukhulu komkhiqizo. Usawoti kanye nokugcwala kwamanzi kunezimpawu ezihlukene, kodwa kokubili kungaba nzima ukukuhlukanisa ngaphandle kokuqapha ngaphambi kokulimala kwezitshalo okusabalele.
1. Izikhonkwane zikasawoti: Idiphozithi emhlophe noma ephaphathekile endaweni engaphezulu ingase ibonise ukunqwabelana kukasawoti eduze kwendawo yezimpande. Kodwa-ke, usawoti ojulile ungakhula ngaphambi kokuba uqweqwe olubonakalayo lube sobala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwensimu evamile.
2. I-Crop Stress: Ukungahlumi kahle, ukuma okungalingani, ukusha kweqabunga leqabunga, nezitshalo ezimile kungase kubonise ukulimala kukasawoti. Lezi zimpawu zingafana nesomiso, ngakho ukuhlolwa kwenkambu kuthuthukisa ukunemba kokuxilongwa nokuphathwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwenkambu okujwayelekile.
3. Iziqephu Ezimanzi: Ukugcwala kwamanzi kuvame ukukhiqiza izindawo ezimanzi eziqhubekayo, izindawo ezinodaka, izimpande ezibuthakathaka, nokukhula kancane kwezitshalo. Izimo ezinzima zingashiya amanzi amile isikhathi eside ngemva kokuyeka ukuchelela emasimini athintekile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwensimu evamile.
4. Ukulimala Kwezimpande: Umhlabathi osuthekile unciphisa umoya-mpilo futhi ungabangela izimpande ezingajulile, ezibuthakathaka. Ukuqhathanisa izitshalo ezithintekile nezitshalo ezinempilo eseduze kungaveza izinguquko endaweni yempande ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwensimu evamile.
5. Ukushintsha Amaphethini Enkundla: Umbala wesitshalo, ubude besitshalo, umswakama, nokuziphatha kokukhipha amanzi kungase kwehluke emkhakheni owodwa. Ukuqapha isimo sezulu sesizini ngaphansi ukusimama kwesimo sezulu izimo zingadalula izindawo zezinkinga ezisabalele phakathi nenkathi yokukhula.
6. Imiphumela Yokuhlolwa Kwenhlabathi: I-conductivity kagesi ingabonisa usawoti, kuyilapho izilinganiso zomswakama zibonisa amaphethini okugcwala. Abalimi kufanele baqonde imithombo yamanzi angcolile ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuthi izinga lamanzi eliphansi linomthelela ezinkingeni zasensimini.
Ukuvimbela Ukufakwa Usawoti Kwenhlabathi
Ukulawula usawoti okuphumelelayo kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi nokuhlela ngokucophelela nokukhipha amanzi. Abalimi kufanele bagcine amarekhodi omthamo wokunisela kanye nezilinganiso zomhlabathi ukuze bakwazi ukubona izinguquko kancane kancane ngaphambi kokuba ukulahleka kwezitshalo kube kukhulu.
1. Hlola Amanzi Okunisela: Hlola izinkomba zosawoti ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa njalo, ngoba izinga lamanzi linquma ukuthi mangaki ama-salts ancibilikile angena ensimini. Ukuhlola kusiza abalimi ukuthi bakhethe imithombo efanelekile nezindlela zokuphatha.
2. Fanisa Isicelo Samanzi Ukuze Ufune: Faka kuphela inani lezitshalo ezidingayo esigabeni sokukhula esifanele. ukongiwa kwamanzi kanye nokuhlela okunembile kunciphisa ukuhwamuka ngokweqile, ukulahlekelwa okujulile, kanye nokugcwala okungadingekile kukasawoti enhlabathini.
3. Thuthukisa Ukugeleza Usawoti: Lapho ukugeleza kwamanzi kwanele, sebenzisa amanzi asezingeni elihle futhi ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi angcolile ngamabomu ukuhambisa usawoti anqwabelene ngezansi kwendawo yezimpande. I-Leaching isebenza kangcono uma amanzi engeziwe engaphuma ensimini ngokuphepha.
4. Khetha Izitshalo Ezibekezelela: Izitshalo ziyehluka ekhonweni lazo lokukwazi ukumelana nezimo ezinosawoti. Ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele izinga likasawoti ensimini kungavikela isivuno ngenkathi ukuthuthukiswa kwenhlabathi yesikhathi eside kuqhubeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhulayo zendawo.
5. Gcina Ukwakheka Kwenhlabathi: Izinto eziphilayo, ukutshalwa ngokucophelela, nokulawula ukuguguleka kungathuthukisa ukungena kanye nezimo zendawo yezimpande. Isakhiwo senhlabathi esingcono sisiza amanzi ehle futhi sisekela ukuphathwa kukasawoti okuphumelelayo.
6. Qapha Izimo Zenkundla: Qopha usawoti omhlabathi, umswakama, ukusabela kwezitshalo, kanye namanani okunisela isizini yonke. Amarekhodi avamile aveza amathrendi angaqondisa ukulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba umonakalo ube mkhulu phakathi nenkathi yokukhula.
Ukulawula Ukugcwala kwamanzi Ngokugeleza Okuphumelelayo
Ukuhlelwa kokukhipha amanzi kufanele kuqale ngaphambi kokuthi kusebenze izikimu ezinkulu zokuchelela ngoba ukususa amanzi engeziwe kuba nzima futhi kubize kakhulu ngemva kokuba itafula lamanzi selinyukile. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kugcina izinhlelo zokudonsa amanzi zisebenza.
1. Yakha Imisele Enele: ukuvikela imithombo yamanzi kanye nama-drain angaphezulu noma amasistimu angaphansi komhlaba angasusa amanzi amaningi emasimini. Umklamo wabo kufanele uhambisane nezici zenhlabathi, imvula, izimo zamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye nenani lokunisela.
2. Gcina iziteshi zokuchelela: Lungisa ukuvuza, imifantu, kanye nezakhiwo zokulawula ezilimele ngokushesha. Ukunciphisa ukugeleza komsele kuvimbela ukushajwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngokungadingekile futhi kukhawulela ukugcwala kwamanzi emasimini aseduze nengqalasizinda yokunisela kanye nemisele yasensimini.
3. Hlela Ukuchelela Ngokucophelela: Gada umswakama womhlaba kanye nesidingo sezitshalo ngaphambi kokufaka ngakunye. Gwema izinhlelo ezimisiwe eziqhubeka nokunisela ngezikhathi ezimanzi noma ngemva kokuba amanzi anele esengenile endaweni yezimpande.
4. Izinga Lenkundla: Ukulinganiswa komhlaba ngendlela efanele kuthuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi futhi kunciphisa izindawo ezithola ukuchelelwa ngokweqile. Ukusebenzisa okufanayo kwenza kube lula ukuletha umswakama owanele ngaphandle kokudala izindawo ezimanzi eziqhubekayo.
5. Qapha Amazinga Amanzi Angaphansi: Ithrekhi umthelela wezomnotho kanye nokujula kwetafula lamanzi lapho ukugcwala kwamanzi kuseyinkinga eqhubekayo. Ukukhuphuka kusenesikhathi kungabangela ukulungiswa kokugeleza kwamanzi ngaphambi kokuba amanzi angaphansi komhlaba afike endaweni eyinhloko yempande futhi kulimaze izitshalo.
6. Phatha Ukuminyana: Nciphisa ukugcwala kwemishini okungadingekile lapho inhlabathi imanzi futhi usebenzise izindlela zokulima ezifanele. Ukucinana okuncane kudala izimbotshana ezixhumene kakhulu, okuvumela amanzi nomoya ukuthi kudlule endaweni yempande.
Funda Futhi: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokuphathwa Kwamanzi Namanzi Angcolile
Ukuphathwa Kwenhlabathi Esimeme Namanzi
Ukuphatha kahle ukuchelela kuqala ngokuqonda ukuthi ukuthungwa kwenhlabathi, ukwakheka, ukuthambeka, ukufunwa kwezitshalo, imvula, namanzi angaphansi komhlaba kuhlangana kanjani. Abalimi kufanele baphathe ukufakwa kwamanzi kanye nokukhipha amanzi njengezingxenye zesistimu eyodwa exhunyiwe.
I-Soil organic matter ingathuthukisa ukuhlanganisa, ukungena, nokugcinwa kwamanzi, kusize amasimu ukusebenzisa imvula nokunisela ngempumelelo. Kunganciphisa nokugeleza futhi kuvikele inhlabathi ekugugulekeni ngesikhathi seziphepho.
Ikhava yemifino isiza ukuvimba imvula, inciphise isivinini sokugeleza komhlabathi, futhi ivikele izinhlayiya zenhlabathi ukuthi zingahlukaniseki. Ngakho-ke izihlahla, izitshalo zokumboza, utshani, nezinsalela zezitshalo kungasekela ukongiwa kwamanzi.
Izindlela zokuchelela ezisebenzayo zinganciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi okungagwemeka, kodwa ubuchwepheshe bubodwa abukwazi ukuxazulula ukugeleza kwamanzi okungekuhle. Izinhlelo zisadinga ukuklanywa okufanele, ukunakekelwa, amanani afanelekile okufaka isicelo, kanye nokubhekwa kwensimu okuvamile ngabalimi.
Ukuphatha okudidiyelwe kuvikela umhlabathi okhiqizayo kuyilapho kunciphisa amanzi amoshayo, ukulahlekelwa izakhi, ukuguguleka, nezinkinga zokudonsa amanzi. Umgomo awukona nje ukufaka amanzi, kodwa ukugcina izimpande ezinempilo nokuvimbela ukungcola kwezimboni ukungena emithonjeni yokuchelela.
Abalimi kufanele futhi bacabangele izinga lamanzi agelezayo ngoba usawoti, imisoco, nenhlabathi kungase kushiye amasimu aniselwayo. Ukulahlwa okunomthwalo wemfanelo kanye ukusimama kwezinto eziphilayo izinqubo zivimbela lezi zinsiza ekudaleni izinkinga ezibanzi zemvelo.
Ukuhlela isikhathi eside kufanele kuxhumanise ukusebenza kahle kokunisela kanye ukwenza umquba nokongiwa kwenhlabathi, ukuvikelwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ukulawula ukugeleza, nokukhetha okufanelekile kwezitshalo. Le ndlela igcina umhlaba wezolimo ukhiqiza kuyilapho kunciphisa izindleko eziphindaphindiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Isifinyezo Sokucwiliswa Kosawoti Womhlaba kanye Nokugcwala kwamanzi Ekuniseleni
| Isihloko | Iphuzu Elibalulekile |
|---|---|
| Ukugcwala kwamanzi | Amanzi engeziwe ahlala endaweni yezimpande lapho ukuchelela kudlula isidingo sezitshalo noma umthamo wokukhipha amanzi. |
| Ukufakwa kukasawoti emhlabathini | Usawoti oncibilikisiwe uyanqwabelana lapho ukuhwamuka nokuthathwa kwezitshalo kususa amanzi ngokushesha kunokuba usawoti uphuma enhlabathini. |
| Izimbangela Eziyinhloko | Ukunisela ngokweqile, ukugeleza komsele, ukungangeni kahle kwamanzi, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba angashoni, ukufaka ukungalingani, kanye nokucinana kungandisa ingozi. |
| Izitshalo Effects | Ukuntuleka kwe-oxygen yezimpande, ukungalingani kwezakhi, ukucindezeleka kukasawoti, ukucindezela kwezifo, ukukhula okubuthakathaka, kanye nesivuno esincane kungase kube umphumela. |
| Ukuvimbela | Hlola amanzi nomhlabathi, hlela ukunisela ngokucophelela, uthuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi, khetha izitshalo ezikwazi ukubekezela, futhi uvikele nesakhiwo senhlabathi. |
| Ukuphathwa Kwesikhathi Eside | Hlanganisa ukuchelela okuphumelelayo nokongiwa kwenhlabathi, ukuvikela amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ukulawula ukugeleza, ukuqapha, nokuphatha izinga lamanzi ngendlela efanele. |
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nokufakwa Usawoti Womhlaba kanye Nokugcwala kwamanzi Ekuniseleni
1. Kuyini ukugcwala kwamanzi ekuniseleni?
Ukugcwala kwamanzi kwenzeka lapho amanzi engeziwe egcwalisa indawo yezimpande isikhathi eside, enciphisa ukungena komoya emhlabathini futhi abeke imingcele ukukhula kwezitshalo okuvamile.
2. Ukuchelela kudala kanjani ukugcwala kosawoti enhlabathini?
Amanzi okunisela angaqukatha usawoti oncibilikisiwe osala ngemva kokuhwamuka noma ukumuncwa kwezitshalo, okubangela ukuba usawoti unqwabelane lapho ukugeleza kwamanzi kunganele.
3. Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zomhlabathi ogcwele amanzi?
Izibazi ezimanzi eziqhubekayo, amanzi amile, izimpande ezibuthakathaka, ukukhula okubi, izindawo ezinodaka, nokusebenza kwensimu okubambezelekile kungabonisa ukugcwala kwamanzi.
4. Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zosawoti?
Uqweqwe lukasawoti, ukuhluma okungekuhle, ukushiswa kwesihloko samaqabunga, izitezi ezingalingani, ukukhula okuntekenteke, nokuncipha kokusebenza kwezitshalo kungase kubonise usawoti omhlabathi.
5. Ingabe ukugcwala kwamanzi kanye nosawoti kungenzeka ndawonye?
Yebo. Ukukhuphuka kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kungakhuphula usawoti phezulu, kuyilapho ukudonsa amanzi ngendlela engafanele kuvimbela kokubili amanzi amaningi kanye nosawoti oncibilikisiwe ekuphumeni endaweni yezimpande.
6. Abalimi bangakuvimbela kanjani ukugcwala kwamanzi ngenkasa?
Abalimi bangakwazi ukwenza ngcono ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukulungisa imisele, amasimu alinganayo, baqaphe umswakama womhlaba, banciphise ukuchelela okungadingekile, futhi balandelele ukujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
7. Ingaphathwa kanjani inhlabathi enosawoti?
Hlola inhlabathi namanzi okunisela, uthuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi, sebenzisa ukuvuza okufanele lapho kufanele khona, gcina ukwakheka komhlabathi, futhi ukhethe izitshalo ezikwazi ukumelana nosawoti.
8. Kungani i-drainage ibalulekile ekulimeni okuniselwayo?
Ukuthuthwa kwamanzi kususa amanzi amaningi futhi kusiza ukuthwala usawoti oncibilikisiwe, kugcine indawo yempande ingenisa umoya kangcono futhi ifaneleka kakhudlwana ekukhuleni kwezitshalo ezikhiqizayo.
Ingabe unayo imibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, sicela ukhululeke ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Futhi sikukhuthaza ukuba wabelane ngomusa lokhu kwaziswa nabanye abangase bazuze kukho. Njengoba singakwazi ukufinyelela wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, silwazisa ngempela usizo lwakho ekusakazeni izwi. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusekela kwakho nokwabelana!
Funda Futhi: Ukuqonda Ukuchelela Kwezolimo