Imithombo Yezinto Eziyingozi

Izinto eziyingozi zenzeka ngokwemvelo nangemisebenzi yabantu, okwenza kube ukukhathazeka okubalulekile kwemvelo. Zingasongela impilo yabantu, izilwane, izitshalo, imithombo yamanzi, ikhwalithi yenhlabathi, kanye nezinga lomoya lapho zilawulwa kabi.

Lezi zinto zingase zibe nezinto ezivutha umlilo, ezibolayo, ezisebenzayo, ezinobuthi, ezikhipha imisebe, noma ngezinye izindlela eziyingozi. Ubungozi bazo buncike ekugxiliseni ingqondo, ubude besikhathi sokuchayeka, uhlobo lwamakhemikhali, izimo zemvelo, kanye nendlela okwenzeka ngayo ukuchayeka.

Izinto eziyingozi zingena emvelweni ngemisebenzi yasekhaya, ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ezolimo, izimayini, ezokuthutha, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ezokwakha, ukuphehla amandla, nokulahlwa kwemfucuza okungafanele. Ezinye zivela ngokwemvelo emadwaleni, inhlabathi, amagesi, kanye nezinqubo zokuma komhlaba.

Ingozi iyanda lapho izinto eziyingozi zinqwabelana noma zisuka emithonjeni yazo yokuqala ziye ezindaweni lapho abantu, izilwane, noma i-ecosystem ingahlangana nazo. Umoya, amanzi, inhlabathi, ukudla, uthuli, nezindawo ezingcolile zingahambisa ukuchayeka.

Ukuqonda i ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto eziyingozi kusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani izinto ezahlukene zidinga izinyathelo zokuphepha ezihlukene, izindlela zokulondoloza, izinqubo zokuthutha, amasistimu okwelapha, kanye nezindlela zokulahla.

Ukuqonda Imithombo Yezinto Eziyingozi

Imithombo yezinto eziyingozi ngokuvamile ingahlanganiswa ngemithombo yemvelo kanye neyokwenziwa. Imithombo yemvelo isuka ezinqubweni zokuma komhlaba nezebhayoloji, kuyilapho imithombo yokwenziwa iphumela kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwabantu, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nemisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe.

Into ayibi yingozi ngokuzenzekelayo ngoba yenzeka ngokwemvelo. Izinto ezenzeka ngokwemvelo zingaba yingozi lapho ukugxila kwazo kukhuphuka, lapho ukuchayeka kukhula, noma lapho imisebenzi yabantu ishintsha ukunyakaza kwazo ngamasistimu emvelo.

Imithombo yokwenziwa iye yanda ngokuthuthuka kwezimboni, ezolimo zesimanje, ezokuthutha, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ezokwakha, ezokukhiqiza, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwekhaya. Okufanelekile ukuzimisela kokumosha isiza ukukhomba izinto ezidinga ukuphathwa okukhethekile.

Ukuhlonza umthombo kusabalulekile ngoba ukuvimbela kuba lula uma abantu beqonda ukuthi izinto eziyingozi zisuka kuphi. Kuphinde kusize abaphathi bendawo ukuthi banqume izindlela zokuchayeka okungenzeka baphinde bakhethe izindlela zokulawula ezifanele zomthombo ngamunye.

Izinto eziyingozi zingase zibe khona njengokuqinile, uketshezi, amagesi, umusi, uthuli, izinsalela, imikhiqizo engcolile, noma imfucumfucu exubile. Izakhiwo zabo ezingokomzimba namakhemikhali zithonya indlela ezisakazeka kalula ngayo ngemithombo yezemvelo.

Imithombo Yemvelo Neyenziwe Abantu

Imithombo yemvelo ihlanganisa ukukhishwa kwentaba-mlilo, amaminerali akhipha imisebe, amadwala ane-arsenic, amadiphozithi aqukethe i-asbestos, namagesi akhishwa enhlabathini. Imithombo eyenziwe ngabantu ihlanganisa amafekthri, izimoto, amapulazi, amakhaya, izibhedlela, amalabhorethri, nezindawo zokuthengisa.

Le mithombo ingadlulela ngoba imisebenzi yabantu ingase iqinise izingozi zemvelo. Ukumba, ukwakhiwa, ukumba izimayini, ukuhoxiswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kanye nokuphazamiseka komhlaba kungadalula noma kusabalalise kabusha ukungcola okwenzeka ngokwemvelo okwakuhlala kungabodwa.

Okubanzi imithombo yemfucuza kanye nomthelela wayo kwezemvelo inikeza umongo owusizo wokuqonda ukuthi izinto eziyingozi ziqala kanjani emiphakathini nasemisebenzini yezomnotho.

Ukubona umehluko phakathi kwemithombo yemvelo kanye ne-anthropogenic kuvumela iziphathimandla, izimboni, imiphakathi, kanye nemizi ukuthi yakhe amasu okuvimbela angokoqobo abhekana nomsuka wangempela nokuziphatha kwento ngayinye eyingozi.

Funda Futhi: Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezinto Eziyingozi

Imithombo Yemvelo Yezinto Eziyingozi

Imithombo yemvelo ivela ngaphandle kokukhiqizwa komuntu okuqondile, nakuba imisebenzi yabantu ingakhuphula ukugxila noma ukuchayeka kwayo. Ukwakheka kokuma komhlaba, ukusebenza kwentaba-mlilo, izinqubo zomhlabathi, nokubola okungokwemvelo ngemisebe kungakhulula izinto eziyingozi.

1. Ukukhishwa kwentabamlilo: Izintaba-mlilo eziqhumayo zingakhipha umlotha, i-sulphur dioxide, i-hydrogen sulphide, izinhlanganisela ze-chlorine, isikhutha, nezinye izinto ezingase zithinte ukuphefumula, uhlaza, izinga lamanzi, nezindawo eziseduze.

2. Izinto zemvelo ezikhipha imisebe: Amatshe aphethe i-uranium angakhiqiza i-radon ngokubola kwe-radioactive. I-Radon iba ukukhathazeka okukhulu uma ingena ezakhiweni ezivalekile futhi inqwabelana lapho ikwazi ukwandisa ukuchayeka isikhathi eside.

3. Amaminerali e-Arsenic kanye ne-asbestos: Amanye amatshe nenhlabathi aqukethe amaminerali e-arsenic noma asbestos avela ngokwemvelo. Isimo sezulu, ukuguguleka komhlabathi, ukumba izimayini, noma ukunyakaza kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kungakhulula lezi zinto ezinhlelweni zemvelo ezizungezile.

4. Izinsimbi ezenzeka ngokwemvelo: Amadiphozithi e-geological angase aqukathe izinsimbi ezifana ne-mercury, lead, chromium, noma ezinye izici ezingaba yingozi. Ukuphazamiseka kungakhuphula ukunyakaza kwazo zibe amanzi, inhlabathi, inhlabathi, izitshalo, nezilwane.

Izingozi zemvelo zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela ngoba ukuba khona kwazo kungase kuqhubeke ngisho ngaphandle kokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni. Ngakho-ke ukuhlela ukusetshenziswa komhlaba kufanele kucabangele izimo zejoloji, ukunyakaza kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, izici zenhlabathi, kanye nokugxilwa kokungcola okukhona.

Izimiso ezisetshenziswa ekuhloleni izici zemvelo ezithinta izindawo zokulahla futhi zibonise ukuthi kungani i-geology, i-hydrology, isimo senhlabathi, nokuvikelwa kwamanzi angaphansi kubalulekile lapho kulawulwa izinto eziyingozi.

Imithombo Yasekhaya Yezinto Eziyingozi

Imindeni iqukethe imikhiqizo eminingi engase ibe udoti oyingozi ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Izibonelo ezivamile zihlanganisa upende, izinto ezincibilikisayo, izinto zokunamathisela, amabhethri, izibulala-zinambuzane, amakhemikhali okuhlanza, izinto zokubasa, amalambu e-fluorescent, nezinye izinto zikagesi.

1. Opende nezincibilikisi: Imikhiqizo kapende, okokucwenga, okokukhiphayo, izinto ezinamathelayo, nezihlanzi ezisekelwe kuncibilikisi zingaqukatha amakhemikhali noma izinsimbi ezivuvukalayo. Ukugcinwa okungafanele, ukulahlwa, noma ukushiswa kungachaya abantu ezintweni eziyingozi.

2. Amabhethri nemikhiqizo kagesi: Amabhethri nezinto zikagesi zingaqukatha umthofu, i-mercury, i-cadmium, i-nickel, izinhlanganisela ze-lithium, noma ezinye izingxenye eziyingozi. Ukulimala, ukugaywa kabusha okungakahleleki, noma ukulahlwa okungalawulwa kungakhulula ukungcola.

3. Amakhemikhali okuhlanza: Izibulali magciwane ezinamandla, i-bleach, izinto zokuhlanza amanzi, okokukhipha amafutha, namanye amakhemikhali asendlini angabangela ukusha, ushevu, noma ukusabela okulimazayo lapho abantu bewaxuba, bewasebenzisa kabi, noma bewagcina kabi.

4. Izibulala-zinambuzane zasekhaya: Ama-insecticide, ama-rodenticides, ama-fungicides, ama-herbicides, nemikhiqizo ehlobene ingaba yingozi ngokufakwa okungalungile, ukugwinya ngengozi, ukuchithwa, noma ukulahlwa kukadoti ojwayelekile wasekhaya.

Izinto eziyingozi zasekhaya ziba yinkinga ikakhulukazi lapho izakhamuzi zizilahla ngodoti ovamile. Ukuqoqwa okunikelwe kanye nokuphatha okuphephile kunciphisa izingozi zokungcola ngenkathi kuvikela abasebenzi bezokuthuthwa kwendle, abacoshi bemfucuza, imiphakathi, kanye nezindawo ezamukelayo.

Imfucumfucu eyingozi yasendlini ihlanganisa izinto eziningi zokulungisa, ukuhlanza, izibulala-zinambuzane, kanye nezinto zokulungisa, njengoba kubhalwe encwadini enemininingwane. umhlahlandlela wemfucuza eyingozi yasendlini.

Imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi idinga ukunakwa okukhethekile ngoba ukulahlwa okungafanele kungakhipha izinto ezinobuthi. I ukuphatha kahle imfucuza kagesi kunciphisa amathuba okuphuma kokungcola emhlabeni, emoyeni, nasemanzini.

Imithombo Yezimboni Yezinto Eziyingozi

Imisebenzi yezimboni isalokhu iyimithombo eyinhloko yezinto eziyingozi ngoba izimboni zisebenzisa amakhemikhali, izinto zokubasa, izinsimbi, izincibilikisi, amagesi, imikhiqizo kaphethiloli, nezinye izinto ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokucubungula.

1. Izimboni zamakhemikhali nezemithi: Lezi zindawo zingase zibambe ama-asidi abolayo, izinhlanganisela ezisebenzayo, izinyibilikisi, amakhemikhali anobuthi, izinsalela zemithi, nezinto zaselabhorethri ezidinga ukugcinwa okukhethekile, ukwelashwa, nezinqubo zokulahla.

2. Izinsiza zikaphethiloli namandla: Izindawo ezihluzwayo, izindawo zokubeka uphethiloli, izimboni zikagesi, nemisebenzi ehlobene nayo ingakhiqiza ama-hydrocarbon, igesi ekhishwayo, izinsalela ezinamafutha, amanzi angcolile angcolile, nezinye izinto eziyingozi phakathi nemisebenzi evamile.

3. Izimboni zokukhiqiza nezensimbi: Ukucutshungulwa kwensimbi, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, ukukhiqiza izindwangu, ukwakhiwa, nezimboni zamakhemikhali kungakhipha ama-acids, ama-alkali, odayi, izinsimbi ezisindayo, izincibilikisi, izinhlayiya, kanye nokungcola kwezimboni.

4. Izinsiza zezimayini nokucubungula: Imisebenzi yezimayini ingadalula izinsimbi namaminerali emvelo kuyilapho ikhiqiza imisele, imisele engcolile, uthuli, futhi icubungula izinsalela ezingase zithinte inhlabathi namanzi azungezile.

Ukukhishwa kwezimboni kungase kwenzeke ngokujwayelekile ngokukhipha izinto ezikhishwayo kanye nokulahlwayo noma ngephutha ngokuchitheka, ukuvuza, ukwehluleka kwezisetshenziswa, imililo, ukuqhuma, nezigameko zezokuthutha. Ukuqapha okuqinile kunciphisa amathuba okungcoliswa kwemvelo okungalawuleki.

Isihloko on udoti wezimboni kanye nemithelela yemvelo ibonisa ukuthi imisebenzi yezimboni ingakhiqiza kanjani amakhemikhali, ama-asidi, izinsimbi, uwoyela, izibulala-zinambuzane, odayi, kanye nokungcola okungcolile.

Amanzi angcolile ezimbonini angaqukatha ukungcola okuyingozi njengezinsimbi ezisindayo kanye nezakhi eziphilayo eziguquguqukayo. Isebenza kahle ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ezimbonini isiza ukunciphisa ukungcola ngaphambi kokukhipha, ukuphinda kusetshenziswe, noma ukuphatha okwengeziwe.

Izingozi ezengeziwe zingavela lapho amanzi angcolile angalungiswanga noma aphathwe kancane engena ezindaweni zamanzi eziseduze. Iqinile izilawuli zemfucuza yezimboni ngakho-ke hlala ubalulekile ekuvikeleni imiphakathi kanye nemvelo.

Imithombo Yezolimo Yezinto Eziyingozi

Ezolimo zisebenzisa amakhemikhali asiza ekulawuleni izinambuzane, izifo, ukhula, nokushoda kwezakhi zomzimba. Kodwa-ke, ukuphatha budedengu, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile, ukuchithwa, nokulahlwa okungafanele kungase kungenise izinto eziyingozi emapulazini nasezindaweni ezizungezile.

1. Izibulala-zinambuzane nezibulala-zinambuzane: Abalimi bafaka izibulala-zinambuzane ukuze bavikele izitshalo ezinambuzaneni nasezifweni. Umthamo ongalungile, isitoreji esingesihle, iziqukathi ezilahliwe, nokugeleza kwensimu kungandisa izingozi zokunukubezeka emhlabathini nasemanzini.

2. Ama-herbicides nama-fungicides: Le mikhiqizo ilawula ukhula nezifo zezitshalo kodwa ingase ithinte izidalwa ezingahlosiwe lapho zisetshenziswa kabi. Izinsalela zabo zingahlala emhlabathini noma zingene emanzini angaphezulu.

3. Izithako zomanyolo nezithako zamakhemikhali: Umanyolo uhlinzeka ngemisoco ebalulekile, nokho ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kungaba nomthelela ekungcolisweni kwezakhi, ukuwohloka kwenhlabathi, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kanye nezinguquko zemvelo lapho izindlela zokuphatha zingezinhle.

4. Amakhemikhali kanye nezinsalela zezilwane: Amapulazi angasebenzisa imithi, izibulala-magciwane, izibulala-zinambuzane, namanye amakhemikhali emfuyo. Ukugcinwa okungafanele, ukusetshenziswa, noma ukulahlwa kungadala izinsalela emikhiqizweni yezilwane, enhlabathini, emanzini nasezinsizeni.

Udoti wezolimo ungaqukatha izibulala-zinambuzane nezinsalela zikamanyolo, ikakhulukazi lapho iziqukathi zamakhemikhali nezinto zokwakha zingalahlwa kahle. Okubhaliwe imithombo yemfucuza yezolimo khombisa lokhu kukhathazeka kwemvelo.

Ukungcoliswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kungase futhi kufinyelele emikhiqizweni yokudla kanye nemfuyo. Ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwe izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane emfuyweni isiza ukunciphisa izingozi zokuchayeka ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okungafanele kanye nezikhathi zokuhoxa ezinganele.

Imikhiqizo yezitshalo ingaphinda igcine izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane ngemva kokwelashwa. Ukuqonda izinsalela zesibulala-zinambuzane ezisanhlamvu nama-pulses isekela ukukhiqizwa okuphephile, ukuphatha ukudla, ukugcinwa, kanye nezinqubo zokusebenzisa.

Izimayini, Uphethiloli, Nemithombo Yokwakha

Izimayini, uphethiloli, ezokuthutha, kanye nemisebenzi yokwakha ingakhiqiza izinto eziyingozi ngokukhipha, ukucutshungulwa, ukusha, ukugcinwa kwemishini, ukumba, ukubhidliza, kanye nemisebenzi yokubamba impahla.

Ukumba izimayini kungase kudalule izinsimbi namaminerali okwenzeka ngokwemvelo ngaphakathi kokwakheka komhlaba. Ukuchotshozwa, ukucutshungulwa, nokugcinwa kukadoti kungadala uthuli, amanzi angcolile, izinsalela, nezinsalela eziqukethe izinto ezingaba yingozi.

Imisebenzi ye-petroleum ingakhulula uwoyela ongahluziwe, imikhiqizo ecolisisiwe, ama-hydrocarbon, izincibilikisi, nezinto ezingcolisa amandla. Ukuchitheka kwamapayipi, izimoto, amathangi okugcina, imikhumbi, nezindawo zezimboni kungangcolisa umhlaba namanzi.

Imisebenzi yokwakha ingabandakanya upende, izincibilikisi, izinto zokubasa, ukhuni olulungisiwe, izinto eziqukethe i-asbestos, inhlabathi engcolile, izinto zokuvala uphawu, izinto zokunamathisela, nemfucumfucu yokubhidliza. Ukuphatha kabi kungakhulula izingxenye eziyingozi ezindaweni ezizungezile.

Le misebenzi ingabangela ukungcoliswa komhlaba lapho izinto eziyingozi zichitheka noma zivuza. Izici ezichazwe ku ukungcoliswa komhlaba kanye nokungcoliswa komhlabathi khombisa ukuthi amakhemikhali anganqwabelana kanjani enhlabathini ethintekile.

Ukungcola okuqhubekayo kungase kuhlale emhlabathini isikhathi eside futhi kuthinte izitshalo, izilwane, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye nabantu. Izinyathelo ezifanele zokuvimbela, ukuvimbela, ukuqapha, kanye nokulungisa kunganciphisa imiphumela yesikhathi eside.

Ukulawulwa okubanzi kokungcoliswa komhlaba nakho kugcizelela ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali, ukuvimbela ukulahlwa ngokungakhethi, nokulawula imfucuza eyingozi ngendlela efanele. Lezi zindlela kuxoxwa ngazo ku Ukungcoliswa komhlaba izimbangela, imiphumela, kanye nezixazululo.

Ukunakekelwa Kwezempilo Nemithombo Ye-elekthronikhi

Izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo zikhiqiza izinto eziyingozi ngokuxilonga, ukwelashwa, imisebenzi yaselabhorethri, ukuhlanza, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, nokugcinwa kwemishini. Imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi futhi iqukethe izingxenye eziyingozi ezidinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ngemva kokulahlwa.

1. Amakhemikhali okunakekelwa kwezempilo: Izibhedlela nezindawo zokucwaninga zingasebenzisa izibulala-magciwane, izincibilikisi, izithasiselo, izinto zokwenza imithi, namanye amakhemikhali. Ukulahlwa ngendlela engafanele kungangcolisa amanzi, inhlabathi, umoya kanye nemiphakathi ezungezile.

2. Izinto ezithathelwanayo kanye ne-biomedical: Okubukhali okusetshenzisiwe, okokugqoka okungcolile, izinto zokugula, imfucumfucu yemithi, nezinsalela zaselabhorethri kungadala izingozi zebhayoloji noma zamakhemikhali lapho izibambi zithola ukuvikeleka okunganele.

3. Imfucuza ye-elekthronikhi: Amakhompyutha, amafoni, omabonakude, amabhethri, izinto zokukhanyisa, nezinye izinto zikagesi zingaqukatha umthofu, i-mercury, i-cadmium, nezinye izinto ezingaphuma ngesikhathi sokulahlwa okungalawulwa noma ukucubungula okungakahleleki.

4. Imfucuza yemithi: Imithi ephelelwe yisikhathi, amakhemikhali alahliwe, neziqukathi ezingcolile kungadala izingozi zemvelo lapho abantu bezikhipha amanzi, bezishisa, bezigqiba, noma bezixuba nemfucumfucu evamile yasendlini.

Izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo ziyingxenye kuphela yochungechunge lwemfucuza ye-biomedical. Odokotela bamazinyo, amalabhorethri, izikhungo zezilwane, imitholampilo, amakhemisi, nezikhungo zocwaningo zingakhiqiza izinto eziyingozi ezidinga ukuphathwa okulawulwayo.

I imithombo yemfucuza ekhethekile ye-biomedical chaza ukuthi kungani izikhungo okungezona ezesibhedlela nazo zidinga ukunakwa lapho iziphathimandla zakha izinhlelo zokuhlukanisa, ukuqoqwa, ukwelashwa, ezokuthutha, nokulahlwa.

Imishini kagesi idinga ukunakekelwa okufanayo ngoba izingxenye eziyingozi zingangcolisa umhlabathi namanzi. Okufanelekile ukuphathwa kukadoti ngogesi kunganciphisa ukuchayeka ngenkathi futhi kutholwa izinto ezibalulekile.

Uketshezi oluhlobene nokunakekelwa kwezempilo lungase luqukathe ukungcola kwamakhemikhali nokwemithi. Ukuphatha okuphephile nezinketho zokuthola kuxoxiswana ngazo ngaphakathi ukuphathwa kwemfucuza ewuketshezi kanye nokubuyiswa kwayo imikhuba.

Funda Futhi: Incazelo kanye Nenqubo Yokunciphisa Imfucuza/Yokunciphisa

Izindlela Zokuchayeka Kwezinto Eziyingozi

Izinto eziyingozi ziba ukukhathazeka kwemvelo nempilo lapho zisuka emithonjeni yazo ziye kubantu, ezilwaneni, ezitshalweni, noma ezimisweni ezibucayi zemvelo. Izindlela ezimbalwa zingathutha ukungcola kude nezindawo zazo zangempela.

1. Indlela yomoya: Uthuli, intuthu, umhwamuko, amagesi, nezinhlayiya ezihamba emoyeni zingathwala izinto eziyingozi zisuka ezimbonini, ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezimotweni, ezindaweni zokwakha, kanye nomhlaba ongcolile ziye emiphakathini ezungezile.

2. Indlela yamanzi: Imvula, ukugeleza, ukugeleza kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ukuchithwa kwezimboni, indle, nokuchitheka kwendle ngengozi kungathwala amakhemikhali awayise emifuleni, emachibini, emaxhaphozini, emachibini nasezimpompeni zamanzi angaphansi komhlaba asetshenziswa imiphakathi.

3. Inhlabathi kanye nendlela yokudla: Umhlabathi ongcolile ungadlulisela izinto eziyingozi ezitshalweni, ezilwaneni eziklabayo, emikhiqizweni yokudla, ezintulini nasezindaweni zasendlini, kudaleke amathuba okuchayeka okuqondile noma okungaqondile phakathi kwabantu.

4. Indlela yokuxhumana eqondile: Izisebenzi, abahlali, abaphatha imfucuza, abalimi, nabadoti bangathinta izinto eziyingozi ngokuchayeka esikhunjeni, ukumunca, ukuhogela, izingubo ezingcolile, iziqukathi ezilimele, noma izinqubo zokuphatha ezingaphephile.

Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kudinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile ngoba izinto eziyingozi zingakwazi ukuhamba emanzini angcolile, emanzini angcolile, ezinhlangeni, namanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ingxoxo ye imithombo kanye nezigaba zokungcoliswa kwamanzi ichaza lezi zindlela ngokucacile.

Ukungcola kwezimboni kungase kudinge ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba amanzi angcolile afinyelele ekutholeni amanzi. Kuyafaneleka Izinketho zokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile ingasusa noma inciphise ukungcola kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezifanele zomzimba, zamakhemikhali, nezebhayoloji.

Ukungcoliswa kwemvelo nakho kungavela ngenxa yemfucuza eqinile engalawulwa kahle. Ukusebenzisa i- Isigaba sokuphathwa kwemfucuza isekela ukuvimbela, ukusetshenziswa kabusha, ukugaywa kabusha, ukululama, ukwelashwa, kanye nokulahlwa kokugcina okufanele.

Ukushiswa okuvulekile nokulahlwa okungalawulwa kungakhipha izinto eziyingozi ngqo emiphakathini. Izindlela eziphephile ezichazwe ngezansi izindlela zendabuko zokuphatha udoti ukusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ezinye izindlela ezilawulwayo zidingeka.

Isifinyezo Semithombo Yezinto Eziyingozi

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nemithombo Yezinto Eziyingozi: Izingozi Eziyinhloko Zemvelo

1. Yimiphi imithombo eyinhloko yezinto eziyingozi?

Imithombo emikhulu ihlanganisa ukwakheka kwemvelo, amakhaya, izimboni, ezolimo, izimayini, ukusebenza kwe-petroleum, ukwakhiwa, izikhungo zezempilo, ezokuthutha, kanye nemfucuza kagesi.

2. Iyini imithombo yemvelo yezinto eziyingozi?

Imithombo yemvelo ihlanganisa ukukhishwa kwentaba-mlilo, amaminerali akhipha imisebe, amatshe aphethe i-arsenic, amadiphozithi e-asbestos, izinsimbi ezivele ngokwemvelo, namagesi akhishwa enhlabathini.

3. Yimiphi imikhiqizo yasendlini engaba izinto eziyingozi?

Amapende, izincibilikisi, amabhethri, amakhemikhali okuhlanza, izibulala-zinambuzane, amafutha, izinto zokunamathisela, izibani ezikhanyayo, neminye imikhiqizo kagesi kungadala izingozi zasekhaya.

4. Ezolimo zikhiqiza kanjani izinto eziyingozi?

Ezolimo zingethula izinto eziyingozi ngezibulala-zinambuzane, izibulala-zinambuzane, umanyolo, imithi yezilwane, iziqukathi zamakhemikhali, ukuchithwa, izinsalela, nokugeleza okungcolile.

5. Izinto eziyingozi zibafinyelela kanjani abantu?

Ukuchayeka kungenzeka ngomoya ongcolile, amanzi, inhlabathi, ukudla, uthuli, indawo engaphezulu, ukuthintana kwesikhumba okuqondile, ukumunca ngephutha, kanye nokuhogela.

6. Kungani imithombo yezimboni ibalulekile?

Izimboni zisingatha amanani amakhulu amakhemikhali, izinto zokubasa, izinsimbi, izincibilikisi, nezinto zokucubungula, zidala ubungozi obubalulekile lapho ukukhishwa, ukuvuza, ukukhishwa, noma ukulahlwa kwenzeka.

7. Kungani imfucuza kagesi ithathwa njengeyingozi?

Imfucuza ye-elekthronikhi ingaba nezinto ezinobuthi ezifana nomthofu, i-mercury, ne-cadmium ezingase zingene emoyeni, enhlabathini, nasemanzini ngokungalahlwa kahle.

8. Zingalawulwa kanjani izinto eziyingozi?

Izinyathelo zokulawula zifaka ukuncishiswa komthombo, ukugcinwa okuphephile, ukulebula okufanele, okokusebenza okuvikelayo, ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza, ukwelashwa, ukugaywa kabusha, ukuqapha, kanye nokulahlwa okuhambisana nemvelo.

Ingabe unayo imibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, sicela ukhululeke ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Futhi sikukhuthaza ukuba wabelane ngomusa lokhu kwaziswa nabanye abangase bazuze kukho. Njengoba singakwazi ukufinyelela wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, silwazisa ngempela usizo lwakho ekusakazeni izwi. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusekela kwakho nokwabelana!

Funda Futhi: Ukwehla Kwezinsalela Zezibulala-zinambuzane Emkhiqizweni Wezolimo