Kutyira veruzhinji pamusoro pezvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene kwawedzera sezvo kurima kunoenderana nekuchengetedzwa kwemakemikari kuchengetedza goho, kuderedza kukuvadzwa kwezvipembenene, uye kudzivirira chikafu chakachengetwa kubva kuzvipembenene, hosha, masora, nezvimwe zvinokuvadza.
Kunyangwe mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ichitsigira kugadzirwa kwechikafu, kushandiswa kwayo kunogona kusiya zvidiki zvezvinhu zvinoshanda kana kuputswa zvigadzirwa pazvirimwa, kunyanya kana mitengo yekushandiswa, nguva, machengetero, kana nguva yekukohwa isingadzoreki.
Naizvozvo vatengi vanoda vimbiso yokuti zvokudya zvinosvika kudzimba, misika, zvikoro, zvipatara, nenzvimbo dzokugadziridza zvine zvisaririra pamwero unofungidzirwa kuva unogamuchirika pasi pemipimo yakatarwa yekuchengetedzwa kwezvokudya, miganhu yepamutemo, uye zvirongwa zvenguva dzose zvokuongorora.
Kunetsekana kunowedzerawo kupfuura kudyiwa kwechikafu nekukurumidza nekuti zvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene zvinogona kufamba nemuvhu, mvura, chikafu chezvipfuyo, uye ecosystem, zvichigadzira mibvunzo yakafara pamusoro pekushingirira kwezvakatipoteredza, nzira dzekufumurwa, uye kutonga kwemakemikari ane mutoro.
Kunzwisisa zvinonetsa izvi kunoda maonero ari pakati nepakati anosiyanisa kuvepo kwechisaririra kubva padanho rekufumurwa, tichifungawo nezvehuturu hwemishonga yezvipembenene, kushingirira, miganhu yemitemo, uye maitiro akanaka ekurima.
Verenga zvakare: Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Kuparara Kwemushonga Muvhu
Kutyira Ruzhinji NezveMasara Emishonga Yezvipembenene
Kushushikana kweveruzhinji kunowanzotanga nemubvunzo wakapusa wekuti makemikari anoshandiswa kuchengetedza zvirimwa anogona kuramba ari pachikafu uye asvike vanhu kuburikidza nzira dzakasiyana dzekuratidzira mushure mekukohwa, kutakura, kuchengetedza, kugadzirira, kugadzirisa, kana kubata.
Zvisaririra hazvireve kuti chikafu hachina kuchengetedzeka, nekuti njodzi inoenderana nemushonga wezvipembenene unosanganisirwa, kutarisisa, kuratidzwa kwehuwandu, huturu, uye kuti zviyero zvakayerwa zvinoramba zviripo. zvinodzora zvinosvibisa chekudya.
Kushushikana kunowedzera kana vatengi vakanzwa nezve makemikari anoramba aripo, kudzokororwa kwekushandisa, mvura ine hutachiona, kana kusakwana kwekudzora, nekuti mamiriro ezvinhu aya anogona kuwedzera mukana wekuonekwa kwenguva refu kana kusingatarisirwe pakati penharaunda.
Kuvimbika kweveruzhinji kunoenderanawo nekutarisa kwakajeka. Zviremera, vagadziri, marabhoritari, vatengesi, uye vatengi vanoda ruzivo rwakavimbika nezvekushandisa mushonga wezvipembenene, kuyedzwa kwezvisaririra, nhanho dzekuteerera, zviito zvekugadzirisa, uye nzira dzekuteedzera padanho rega rega.
Hurukuro yesainzi saka inotarisisa pane zvese njodzi uye kuratidzwa. Kemikari inogona kuve ine muchetura zvinhu nepo njodzi yekudya inoramba yakaderera kana kuratidzwa kunogara pazasi kwakasimbiswa hutano-hwakavakirwa nhungamiro pasi pemamiriro akajairwa.
Vatengi vanogonawo kutarisana nekusagadzikana kana zvisaririra zvakati wandei zvikaitika muchinhu chimwe chekudya. Kuona akawanda makomisheni hakungozvikonzere kukuvadza, asi kunokurudzira kuenderera mberi kutsvagisa mukusangana kwakasanganiswa uye mapoka anotambura.
Kukurukurirana kwakajeka kwenjodzi kunofanirwa kutsanangura mutsauko uripo pakati pezvakasara zvakaonekwa uye kuratidzwa kunokuvadza, zvichibatsira vatengi kunzwisisa kuti nei mhedzisiro yekutarisa ichida mamiriro ekufunga, chepfu, uye manwiro evatengi.
Kunobva Masara Emishonga Yezvipembenene
1. Zvikumbiro zvemumunda: Mishonga yezvipembenene inoiswa pazvirimwa zvinokura inogona kusiya masara pamashizha, muchero, zviyo, mhunga, kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinokohwewa, kunyanya kana zvigadzirwa zvichishandiswa kakawanda kana kuti pedyo nekukohwewa.
2. Kuchengeta Kurapa: Zviyo zvakachengetwa uye mhunga zvinogona kugamuchira mishonga yezvipembenene kana zvinopfungaidza tumbuyu, uye mishonga inogona kupa zvisaririra zvinosara nechinhu kusvika pakugadzirwa kana kudyiwa kana kufamba kwemishonga yezvipembenene haina kufambiswa zvakanaka.
3. Kutora Ivhu: Mishonga inouraya tupukanana yakasara muvhu rekurima dzimwe nguva inogona kuwanikwa kuti itore zvirimwa, kunyanya kana makemikari aramba achishanda kwenguva yakareba kuti asangane nemidzi uye afambe mumvura yevhu pasi pekusiyana. mamiriro evhu.
4. Mvura uye Drift: Masara emishonga yezvipembenene anogona kusvika zvirimwa kuburikidza nemvura ine tsvina yekudiridza, kuyerera, kunyura, kana kutakurwa kubva kunzvimbo dziri pedyo dzakarapwa, zvichigadzira dzimwe nzira dzekuratidzira kunharaunda dzakatenderedza uye nharaunda.
5. Zvakasvibiswa Zvinopinza: Mbeu, mvura yekudiridza, gadziridzo dzevhu, chikafu chemhuka, kana zvinhu zvinocheneswa zviri pedyo zvinogona kupinza masara emishonga yezvipembenene muhurongwa hwekurima, zvichiratidza kuti sei kudzivirira kusvibiswa kuchifanira kuenderera mberi kupfuura kupfapfaidza zvirimwa.
Kunetsekana Kweutano Kubva Kusara Kwemushonga Wezvipembenene
Zvinetso zveutano zvinomuka apo vanhu vanoramba vachidya zvakasvibiswa michero nemiriwo kana zvimwe zvekudya, kana ruzivo rwekusangana nebasa kune mishonga yezvipembenene pahuwandu hunogona kudarika mazinga akachengetedzeka kana akakurudzirwa ekudzivirira kushandiswa.
Mimwe mishonga yezvipembenene inogona kukanganisa hurongwa hwetsinga, hurongwa hwekufema, kuberekana, mashandiro ekudzivirira zvirwere, kana nzira dzehomoni. Mhedzisiro inoenderana nemakemikari zvimiro, dhamu, nzira yekuratidzira, nguva, kubatwa, uye kuti makomisheni anoshandurwa sei. metabolic process.
Vana, vanhu vane pamuviri, vashandi vekurima, uye nharaunda dziri pedyo nekurima kwakanyanya vanogona kutariswa nekuti maitiro ekuratidzwa kana kunzwisiswa kwehupenyu kunogona kusiyana neaya evanhu vakuru, kunyanya uko kusvibiswa kwezvipembenene kunogona kukanganisa. zviwanikwa zvemvura.
Hurukuro dzeruzhinji dzimwe nguva dzinotora kuonekwa sehumbowo hwechepfu. Zvisinei, kuonekwa kwezvakasara kunongosimbisa kuti mari inoyerwa yaivapo; Kuongororwa kwenjodzi kunoda ruzivo nezve kutariswa, muchetura, kuratidzwa frequency, uye inogamuchirwa kuchengetedza zvikumbaridzo.
Kuderedza kuratidzwa kusingakoshi kunoramba kuri chinangwa chekuchengetedza chikafu. Kusarudzwa kwemushonga wezvipembenene nemazvo, nguva yekushandisa, nguva dzekukohwa, kutarisisa zvisaririra, kuwacha, kugadzira, uye kubata chikafu zvakanaka zvese zvinogona kubatsira kudzikisira kuratidzwa mudzimba.
Kukurukurirana nenjodzi kunofanirawo kuziva kuti vanhu vanogona kusangana nemishonga yezvipembenene kuburikidza nechikafu, mvura, mweya, kubata ganda, kana mabasa epabasa, saka zvinonetsa nezvezvisaririra zvechikafu zvinoumba chikamu chimwe chete chekuratidzwa.
Kuchengetedzwa Kwekudya Uye Miganho Yekusara Kwemushonga
1. Regulatory Assessment: Kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene kusati kwabvumidzwa kusvika pamusika, vanodzora vanoongorora njodzi dzemakemikari uye chinangwa chekushandisa maitiro kumisikidza mamiriro anobatsira kuchengetedza vatengi uye nharaunda kubva pakufumurwa kusingagamuchirike.
2. Maximum Residue Limits: Maximum Residue Limits, kana MRLs, tsanangura iyo yepamusoro-soro yezvisaririra zvinotenderwa zviri pamutemo muchikafu kana pachikafu kana mushonga wezvipembenene washandiswa maererano nemirairidzo yakatenderwa uye tsika yakanaka yekurima.
3. Kuita Kwakanaka Kwekurima: Kutevera marebhu echigadzirwa, mwero chaiwo wekushandisa, zvirambidzo zvezvirimwa, uye nguva yekukohwa inodiwa zvinobatsira vanogadzira kuchengetedza zvakasara mukati. zvigadzirwa zvekudya mukati memiganho inodiwa vachiri kuwana kudzora tupukanana kunoshanda uye kwakanangwa.
4. Laboratory Monitoring: Kuyedzwa kwasara kunopa humbowo nezvemazinga chaiwo ekusvibiswa, kunotsigira kuteedzerwa kwemitemo, kunozivisa matambudziko anoramba achidzokororwa, uye kunobatsira zviremera nevagadziri kuvandudza zvidzoreso zvekuchengetedza chikafu mukati mekutengesa.
5. Residue Compliance: Kana kuongorora kukawana zvisaririra zviri pamusoro pemiganho inoshanda, zviremera zvinogona kuferefeta nhoroondo yekunyorera, zvigadzirwa, mushonga wezvipembenene, uye mamiriro kuti vaone kana matanho ekugadzirisa, kurangarira, kana kudzora kwakasimba kuchidikanwa.
Sei Masara Emishonga Yezvipembenene Achiramba Muchikafu
Kushingirira kunosiyana nekuti mishonga yezvipembenene yakasiyana inoputsika pamitengo yakasiyana muchiedza chezuva, mwando, tembiricha, kuita kweutachiona, mamiriro evhu, uye nharaunda dzemakemikari dzakatenderedza masara mushure mekushandiswa kwekurima, kuchengetwa, kana kubata nekufamba kwenguva.
Mamwe makomisheni anodzikira nekukurumidza, nepo mamwe anoramba achionekwa kwenguva yakareba. Naizvozvo kuramba kwemushonga wezvipembenene kunokanganisa huwandu hwezvisaririra, kufamba kwezvakatipoteredza, kuratidzwa kwezvirimwa, uye nguva yekushushikana neveruzhinji pasi pemamiriro enzvimbo.
Kugadzirwa kwechikafu kunogona kuchinja zvakasara nokuti kuwacha, kupepeta, kuomesa, kukuya, kubika, kuvirisa, kana mamwe marapiro anogona kuderedza mamwe mishonga. Kuderedzwa kunoenderana zvakanyanya nemishonga yezvipembenene, zvigadzirwa, uye kugadzirisa maitiro kushandiswa.
Mamiriro ekuchengetedza akakoshawo. Tembiricha, mwando, mhepo inofefetera, hunhu hwezvinhu, uye nhoroondo yekurapa zvinogona kukanganisa kugadzikana kwekemikari, kunyanya kana tsanga dzakachengetwa dzichiwana dziviriro yadzokororwa kubva kutupukanana munguva dzekuchengetedza kwenguva refu.
Kunzwisisa kuderedzwa kunobatsira vagadziri kusarudza zvigadzirwa zvakakodzera uye zvirongwa zvekushandisa. Inotsigirawo kuchengetwa kwezvisaririra nekuti kudzivirira kusamira kwemakemikari zvisina kufanira kunowanzo kuve nyore pane kugadzirisa kusvibiswa mushure mekukohwa kuburikidza nekupindira kunodhura.
Zvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene zvinogonawo kudyidzana nekuputirwa, kugadzirisirwa, kana nzvimbo dzekuchengetera, zvichiita kuti hutsanana hwakanaka nekudzivirira kusvibiswa kuve zvakakosha pese panobatwa chikafu mushure mekukohwa nevashandi, vatengesi, mapurosesa nevatengesi.
Mishonga Yezvipembenene Zvisaririra muZviyo nePulses
1. Kudzivirira Munda: Zviyo nezvinomera zvinogona kuwana mishonga yezvipembenene, mishonga yefungidzi, mishonga yesora, kana zvimwe zvinogadzirwa panguva yekugadzirwa, uye zvisaririra zvinogona kusara kana makemikari akaiswa zvisizvo, kakawanda, kana kuti padhuze kuti akohwewe.
2. Kuchengetedza Kuchengetedza: Zviyo zvakachengetwa kwenguva yakareba zvingada mishonga inouraya zvipembenene, makonzo, kana zvimwe zvipembenene. Kunyatsorapwa, kurongeka kwakaringana, uye mamiriro ekuchengetedza akakodzera anobatsira kudzikisira zvisaririra muzvigadzirwa uku uchiganhurira pamusoro-mvura kutakurwa.
3. Zviyo Hunhu: Maitiro ekusarira anoenderana nechirimwa, mishonga yezvipembenene, mamiriro evhu, nzvimbo yekuchengetedza, unyoro, maitiro epamusoro, uye maitiro ekugadzirisa. Mupunga, gorosi, chibage, bhinzi, cowp, nezvinotengeswa zvinokwanisa kuratidza zvisaririra zvakasiyana.
4. Consumer Protection: Vagadziri vanofanira kucherechedza mavara echigadzirwa, nguva isati yakohwewa, zvinodiwa pakuchengeta, uye mwero wezviyo kuitira kuti zviyo nembesa zvisvike kune vatengi nekusvibiswa kunodzorwa kusvika pazvinogoneka uye. njodzi dzekusvibiswa kwenyika kuderedzwa.
5. Kugadzirisa Migumisiro: Kugaya, kupukuta, kubika, kuwacha, kuomesa, kana mamwe matanho ekugadzirisa anogona kushandura zvakasara, asi huwandu hwekudzikisa hunosiyana pakati pemishonga yezvipembenene uye chikafu, saka kugadzirisa hakufanire kutsiva kungwarira kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene.
Verenga zvakare: Nzira dzekurasa Marashi Mumidziyo yeMushonga
Nzira Dzekudzikisa Mushonga Wezvipembenene Residue Exposure
1. Tevedza Zvigadzirwa Labels: Vagadziri vanofanira kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvakatenderwa chete uye vocherechedza madhairekitori edozi, chirimwa chavanonangana nacho, nzira yekushandisa, matanho ekudzivirira, uye nguva yekukohwa mukati mega rega rekugadzira.
2. Shandisa Integrated Pest Management: Kubatanidza kutarisisa, tsika dzechivanhu, mhando dzisingachinji, zvidzoreso zvebiology, hutsanana, uye nemishonga yakanyatsosarudzwa zvinogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari kusingakoshi uku uchichengetedza kudzvanyirirwa kwezvipembenene nekudzivirira goho.
3. Natsurudza Maitiro Ekuchengeta: Kuomesa zviyo nemazvo, kuchengetedza zvitoro zvakachena, kuongorora zvinhu, kudzora unyoro, uye kushandisa nzira dzakakodzera dzekudzivirira tumbuyu kunogona kuderedza kudiwa kwemishonga inodzokororwa panguva yekuchengetera uye kugovera kuburikidza. kuderedza marara.
4. Ongorora Zvokudya Zvisaririra: Yenguva dzose sampling uye ongororo yerabhoritari inogona kuona matambudziko ekusara kare, kutsigira kuteedzera sarudzo, uye kutungamira vanogadzira kune yakachengeteka application, kukohwa, kugadzirisa, uye kuchengetedza maitiro mukati mekutengesa cheni.
5. Bata Kemikari Waste zvine hungwaru: Mishonga isina kushandiswa, zvinhu zvakasvibiswa, uye midziyo isina chinhu inofanira kutevera kuraswa kwemarara emishonga yezvipembenene nzira kuitira kuti zvisaririra zvisapararire muchikafu, ivhu, migero, mvura yepasi, pasi pevhu, kana zvipenyu zviri pedyo.
6. Dzidzisa Vatengi: Zano rakajeka pamusoro pekugeza, kugadzirira, kuchengetedza, zvisaririra, uye ruzivo rwekuchengetedza chikafu chinovimbika zvinogona kubatsira vatengi kuita sarudzo vaine ruzivo pasina kugadzira kutya kusiri madikanwa pamusoro pekuonekwa kwese kwemishonga yezvipembenene.
Basa Rakagoverwa Pakuchengetedzwa Kwezvipembenene Zvisaririra
Kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu kunogovaniswa pakati pevarimi, vagadziri vemishonga yezvipembenene, vanochengetedza, processors, regulators, marabhoritari, vatengesi, uye vatengi. Boka rega rega rinopesvedzera kuti zvakasara zvinodzivirirwa sei, zvinoonekwa, zvinodzorwa, zvinotaurirwa, uye kuderedzwa mukati mechikamu chekutengesa, zvichitsigira kugadzikana kwehupfumi.
Varimi vane basa rakakosha nekuti sarudzo chaiyo yechigadzirwa, midziyo yakagadziriswa, nguva yekushandisa, kuchengetedza marekodhi, uye kutevedzera marekodhi ekuraira zvinogona kukanganisa zvakananga huwandu hwezvisaririra pakukohwa uye panguva yekubata kunotevera.
Vashandisi vekuchengetedza vanofanirwa kudzivirira kufumurwa kwemakemikari zvisina kufanira nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakachena, kutarisa tumbuyu, kushandisa marapirwo anotenderwa nenzira kwayo, uye kuchengeta zvinhu zvakarapwa mukati mekuchengetedza uye kubvisa zvinodikanwa panguva yekudzivirira. zviwanikwa zvemvura.
Vatongi uye marabhoritari anopa imwe chengetedzo yakakosha kuburikidza nekunyoreswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene, zvisaririra, ongororo, zvirongwa zvekutarisa, kuongororwa kwerabhoritari, kuteedzera, uye kutaurirana kweruzivo rwakavimbika rwekuchengetedza chikafu kune veruzhinji uye mabhizinesi echikafu, achitsigira. kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Vatengi vanobetserawo nokuchengeta zvokudya nenzira kwayo, kugeza zvirimwa pazvinenge zvakakodzera, kutevera nhungamiro yegadziriro, uye kutsvaka mashoko anovimbika panzvimbo pokuvimba nezvinotaurwa zvisina kusimbiswa pamusoro pezvisaririra zvezvipembenene uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvokudya.
Kunetseka neveruzhinji kunovaka kana ichikurudzira maitiro ekurima ari nani, kutarisa kwakasimba, kutaurirana kwakajeka, uye nehutongi hwekuuraya zvipembenene pasina kufunga kuti zvese zvinoonekwa zvakasara zvinomiririra kuratidzwa kwekudya kune vatengi, uchifunga nezve. migumisiro yehupfumi.
Kukurukurirana kwakavhurika pakati pevanodzora nevagadziri kunogona kuvandudza kuteerana nekuti mhedzisiro yekutarisa inogona kuratidza zvikanganiso zvekushandisa zvinodzokororwa, zvinodiwa zvekudzidziswa, matambudziko ekuchengetera, kana kusiyana kwekunzwisisa pakati pevashandisi vezvipembenene panguva yekushandisa.
Pfupiso pane Zvekunetsekera Paruzhinji nezve Masara Emushonga Wezvipembenene uye Kuchengetedzwa Kwekudya
| Chikamu | Main Idea | Nei Zvichikosha |
|---|---|---|
| Zvinonetsa Paruzhinji | Zvisaririra zvinomutsa mibvunzo pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu uye kuratidzwa. | Ruzivo rwakajeka rwenjodzi runotsigira sarudzo dzine ruzivo. |
| Sources | Zvisaririra zvinogona kupinda muchikafu kuburikidza nemunda, chengetedzo, ivhu, mvura, uye nzira dzekukukurwa. | Kuziva nzvimbo kunobatsira kudzivirira kusvibiswa. |
| Zveutano Zvinonetsa | Njodzi inotsamira pane chepfu, dosi, nzira yekuratidzwa, uye nguva. | Kuonekwa chete hakugadziri kukuvadza. |
| Residue Limits | MRLs inobatsira kudzora zvisaririra kubva kune zvakabvumidzwa kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene. | Mitemo inotsigira kudzora kunoenderana kwekuchengetedza chikafu. |
| Kushingirira | Mishonga yezvipembenene inoputsika pamitengo yakasiyana. | Kushingirira kunokanganisa mazinga ezvisaririra uye kuratidzwa. |
| Zviyo Uye Pulses | Munda uye mishonga yekuchengetedza inogona kupa zvakasara. | Kushandisa uye kuchengetedza kwakakodzera kunoderedza zvisaririra zvisina basa. |
| Exposure Reduction | Labels, monitoring, IPM, safe storage, uye marara maneja rubatsiro. | Kudzivirira kuri nyore pane kugadzirisa kusvibiswa. |
| Mutoro Wekugoverana | Kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu kunoenderana nekuita kwakarongeka mukati mekutengesa keteni. | Wese ane chekuita anogona kuderedza njodzi dzakasara. |
Mibvunzo Inowanzo Kubvunzwa Nezve Zvekunetsekera Ruzhinji Nezve Masara Emushonga Wezvipembenene uye Kuchengetedzwa Kwekudya
1. Masara emishonga yezvipembenene chii?
Mishonga yezvipembenene zvisaririra zvidiki zvemishonga yezvipembenene kana zvigadzirwa zvadzo zvinoparara zvinogona kuramba zviri kana muchikafu mushure mekurapa kwekurima kana kuchengetedza.
2. Kuonekwa kwasara kunoreva here kuti chikafu hachina kuchengetedzeka?
Kwete. Kuchengetedzeka kunoenderana nemishonga yezvipembenene, fungidziro, muchetura, chiyero chekuratidzwa, uye chiyero chezvisaririra, pane kungoonekwa chete.
3. Nei zvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene zviri nyaya yeruzhinji?
Vatengi vanonetsekana nekuti mimwe mishonga inouraya zvipembenene inogona kuramba ichienderera mberi, ichifamba nemunzvimbo, uye kugadzira mibvunzo yekufumura inosanganisira chikafu, mvura, vashandi, nharaunda, uye ecosystem.
4. Chii chinonzi Maximum Residue Limits?
MRLs dzakasimbiswa zviri pamutemo zvisaririra zvemushonga wezvipembenene uye musanganiswa wechikafu kana zvigadzirwa zvichishandiswa zvinoenderana negwara rakatenderwa.
5. Zviyo nezviyo zvinogona sei kuva nezvasara?
Zvisaririra zvinogona kubva mukushandiswa kwemumunda, marapirwo ekuchengetedza, zvakasvibiswa, kufamba kwezvakatipoteredza, kana kudzokororwa kushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene panguva yekugadzira nekuchengetedza.
6. Kugadzirwa kwechikafu kunogona kuderedza masara emishonga yezvipembenene here?
Kugeza, kupepeta, kuomesa, kukuya, kubika, uye mamwe maitiro anogona kuderedza mamwe masara, asi kushanda kunosiyana nemushonga wezvipembenene uye zvinhu.
7. Vatengi vanogona sei kuderedza kuratidzwa kusingakoshi?
Vatengi vanogona kushandisa ruzivo rwekuchengetedza chikafu, kubata chikafu nemazvo, kugeza zvirimwa zvakakodzera, uye kuchengetedza chikafu chakasiyana uku vachidzivirira zvisingatsigirwe nezve njodzi dzinenge dzasara.
8. Ndiani ane basa rekudzora zvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene?
Varimi, maregulator, marabhoritari, vanochengeta, mapurosesa, vatengesi, vagadziri, uye vatengi vese vanobatsira mukudzivirira kusarwa kwezvipembenene, kutarisa, uye kuchengetedza chikafu.
Iwe une chero mibvunzo, mazano, kana mipiro? Kana zvirizvo, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kushandisa bhokisi rekutaura pazasi kugovera pfungwa dzako. Tinokukurudzirawo kuti ugoverane nomutsa mashoko aya nevamwe vangabatsirwa nawo. Sezvo tisingakwanisi kusvika munhu wose panguva imwe chete, tinoonga zvechokwadi rubatsiro rwenyu mukuparadzira shoko. Ndinokutendai zvikuru nerutsigiro rwenyu uye nokugoverana!
Verenga zvakare: Misimboti uye Nzira dzekuchengeta chirimwa mukurima