Mishonga Yezvipembenene Zvisaririra muZviyo nePulses

Zviyo uye mhunga zvinoumba chikamu chikuru chekudya kwepasirese, nepo varimi nevanobata zviyo vachishandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene kudzivirira zvirimwa zvakohwewa kubva kuzvipembenene, fungi, sora, uye kurasikirwa kwekuchengetera mushure mekukohwa.

Nekudaro, mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene inogona kusiya zvisaririra pazviyo kana mukati mezviyo, kunyanya kana zvigadzirwa zvikashandiswa zvisiri izvo, kuiswa kakawanda, kana kubatwa pasina kucherechedza mitengo yakabvumidzwa, nguva, uye machengeterwo anodiwa pazvinhu zvekudya.

Zvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene muzviyo uye pulses saka zvine basa nekuti chikafu chine hutachiona chinogona kukonzeresa kushushikana, kukanganisa kugamuchirwa kwemusika, uye kuwedzera kudzvanywa kwezvakatipoteredza apo makemikari anofamba kupfuura nzvimbo dzinotarisirwa kurapwa panguva yekugadzira, kuchengetedza, kana kubata.

Masara mazinga anogona kushanduka zvichienderana nemushonga wezvipembenene, chirimwa, nzira yekushandisa, mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza, maitiro ekuchengetedza, uye nguva pakati pekurapa nekushandisa kana kugadzirisa zvinhu pasi pemamiriro ekurima.

Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kunobatsira vagadziri kuchengetedza mhando yezviyo uku vachidzikisa kuratidzwa kwemakemikari zvisina kufanira, kutsigira kuteedzera, kuchengetedza chivimbo chevatengi, uye kuvandudza maitiro ekuchengetedza zvipembenene mushure mekukohwa pane yese cheni.

Mabviro Ezvakasaririra Muzviyo nePulses

1. Zvikumbiro zvemumunda: Zvirimwa zvinogona kuchengeta masarira mushure mekuiswa mishonga yezvipembenene, fungicides, herbicides, kana mimwe mishonga yakatenderwa panguva yekugadzirwa, kunyanya kana kurapwa kunenge kwave pedyo nekukohwa kana mitengo yekushandiswa ichidarika maregisheni.

2. Kuchengeta Kurapa: Mbeu dzakachengetwa dzinogona kuwana mishonga yemishonga yezvipembenene kana zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira zvipembenene mushure mekukohwa, zvichigadzira imwe nzira inogona kusara apo vanobata vanoregeredza mitengo yakabvumidzwa, nguva, kurambidzwa kwezvinhu, kana marekodhi anodiwa ekurapwa.

3. Nzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzakasvibiswa: Zvisaririra zvemushonga zvekare zvinogona kuramba zviri pauriri, midziyo, masaga, zvivakwa, kana nzvimbo dzekufambisa uye wozobata zviyo zvakachena panguva yekubata, kuchengetera, kufamba, kana kugadzirisa mabasa pasina zviratidzo zviri pachena.

4. Kutamisa kwezvakatipoteredza: Mishonga inouraya tupukanana inogona kufamba nemuvhu, huruva, mvura, kana zvinhu zvine utachiona uye pakupedzisira inosvika pazvirimwa, zvinhu zvakachengetwa, mhuka, kana nharaunda dzekugadzirisa kuburikidza nenzira dzisina kunanga dzinonetsa kutsvaga.

Research on matsime ekurima ane ngozi inoratidza kuti kubata mishonga yezvipembenene zvisina hanya, kuisa zvakanyanyisa, kuraswa, uye midziyo yakaraswa zvinogona kuunza njodzi dzekemikari kumativi emapurazi nenzvimbo dzinogadzirwa zvokudya munguva yenguva dzose yokurima.

Zvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene zvinogona kukanganisa zviyo zvakasiyana nekuti zviyo zvinosiyana pahunhu hwazvo, hunyoro, kuumbwa kwelipid, nzira dzekugadzirisa, uye kugona kutora kana kuchengetedza mamwe makemikoro panguva yekuchengetera nekugadzirisa.

Musoro wenyaya we masara emishonga yezvipembenene muzvirimwa zvekudya inoratidzawo kuti kuitika kwezvisaririra kunoenderana nemhando yechirimwa, kemisiti yemishonga yezvipembenene, kuwanda kwekurapa, mamiriro ekunze, uye maitiro ekukohwa anoshandiswa pane akasiyana masisitimu ekugadzira.

Information on kuchengetedzwa kwepesticide residue muzvipfuyo inoratidza kuti chikafu chine utachiona chinogona kuwedzera kunetseka kwezvakasara kupfuura zviyo zvakakohwewa kusvika mukugadzirwa kwemhuka, kunyanya kana zviyo zvakabikwa kana mhunga ichipinda mumacheni ezvekudya.

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Kuchengetedza Kurapa uye Zviyo Zvisaririra

1. Residual Protectants: Mishonga yezvipembenene inosara inogona kuchengetedza zviyo zvakachengetwa kuti zvisaparadzwe, asi kusarudzwa kwechigadzirwa kwakashata, kuwandisa kwedosi, kurapwa kwakadzokororwa, kana kusachengeta zvinyorwa zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wezvisaririra zvisingagamuchirwi.

2. Fumigation: Mafumigants anogona kudzora tumbuyu mukati meakavharirwa masisitimu ekuchengetera, asi vashandisi vanofanirwa kutevedzera zvakanyoreswa zvinhu, dosi, nguva yekuratidzwa, zvinodiwa zvekufefetera, uye kudzoserwa kwekupinda zvakare kunotaurwa pane chigadzirwa label.

3. Grain Contact Surfaces: Mabhegi akacheneswa, midziyo yekuchengetera, mabhini, pasi, uye midziyo yekufambisa inogona kutamisa masara kana tsvina yasara mushure mekushandisa mushonga wezvipembenene kana nzira dzekuchenesa padzisina kukwana pakati pezviyo zvinotevedzana.

4. Kugadzirisa Migumisiro: Kuchenesa, kugaya, kukwenenzvera, kuwacha, kubika, kana mamwe magadzirirwo anogona kuderedza mamwe masara, asi kubvisa kunosiyana zvakanyanya nemushonga wezvipembenene, zviyo, nzira yekurapa, kugadzirisa mamiriro, uye nzvimbo yakasara.

Yakachengeteka fumigant kuchengetedza uye kubata zvinoda nzvimbo dzakavharwa, kuiswa kwakadzorwa, nguva chaiyo yekuratidzwa, uye kufefetera zvakanaka nekuti kusabatwa zvakanaka kwekurapa kunogona kukanganisa vashandi, zvinhu, nharaunda dzakatenderedza, uye mwero wekupedzisira wasara mushure mekukohwa.

Research on kufamba kwemishonga yezvipembenene uye kutorwa inoratidzawo kuti mishonga inouraya zvipembenene inogona kufamba pakati penzvimbo dzezvakatipoteredza, izvo zvine basa kana guruva, mvura, kana nzvimbo dzine tsvina dzichibatana nezvigadzirwa zvekurima zvakachengetwa panguva yekubata nekuchengetedza mabasa.

Zvisaririra zvinogonawo kusvika pazvikafu zvemhuka zvisina kunanga nekuti zviyo zvakasvibiswa, makeke emafuta, kana chikafu chekudya chinogona kutakura zvisaririra zvemushonga muzvipfuyo, zvichiita kuti kutonga kuve kwakakosha panguva yese yekugadzira nekuchengetedza cheni.

Guidance on mushonga wezvipembenene kusvibiswa kwenyama uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka inoratidza kuti sei zvirimwa zvakasvibiswa uye zviyo zvakachengetwa zvichigona kugadzira nzira dzechipiri dzakasara kuburikidza nekudya uye zvigadzirwa zvezvipfuyo mukati mehurongwa hwakakura hwekudya.

Zvinhu Zvinowedzera Masara Mazinga

1. Chiyero chekushandisa: Kushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene yakawanda kudarika mwero unobvumidzwa kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hwakaiswa pazvirimwa kana nzvimbo dzekuchengetera uye zvinogona kusiya masara ezvipfuyo zvinodarika kushivirira kwakatarwa kana kutengeserana zvinodiwa.

2. Prehovest Interval: Kukohwa munguva pfupi mushure mekurapwa kunogona kusiya nguva isina kukwana yekuti zvisaririra zvidzikire, zvichiita kuti kutevedza nguva yakatarwa yekukohwa kusati kwave kwakakosha pazvirimwa zvakagadzirirwa kugoverwa kwechikafu nekutengesa.

3. Mamiriro ekunze: Kunaya kwemvura, tembiricha, chiedza chezuva, hunyoro, uye mhepo zvinogona kukanganisa kufamba kwemishonga yezvipembenene, kushingirira, kuvhuvhuta, uye kudzikisira, kuchinja huwandu hwemakemikari anoramba aripo pazvinhu zvekurima mushure mekurapwa nekuchengetedza mamiriro.

4. Zvirimwa Hunhu: Kuumbwa kwezviyo, chimiro chepamusoro, hunyoro, mafuta emukati, uye nhoroondo yekugadzirisa zvinogona kukanganisa kushambadzira kwepesticide, kupinza, kushingirira, uye kunotevera kusara kwezviyo uye pulses panguva yekuchengetedza nekugadzirisa mabasa.

Information on zvinhu zvinoparadza zvipembenene inotsanangura kuti mwando, tembiricha, zvimiro zvevhu, kuita kwemicrobial, kemisiti yemishonga yezvipembenene, uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza zvinogona kuchinja kushingirira uye kushandura nzira, zvichikanganisa kuti zvisaririra zvinoramba zviripo kwenguva yakareba sei.

Saizvozvowo, ivhu rinokanganisa kufamba kwemishonga yezvipembenene zvinogona kukanganisa kuti masarira emakemikari anoramba ari pedyo nenzvimbo dzekuisira, kufamba nemvura, kana kuwanikwa kuti atore zvirimwa zvisati zvakohwewa mumamiriro ezvinhu emunda.

Mamiriro enzvimbo senge kudzika kwemvura yepasi, kupenya, kunaya kwemvura, uye mamiriro ekunze anokanganisa kufamba kwemishonga yezvipembenene, sekutsanangurwa kwazvino mamiriro enzvimbo anokanganisa kufamba kwemishonga yezvipembenene munzvimbo dzese dzekurima nenzvimbo dzakatenderedza dzekugadzira pasi pekuchinja kwemamiriro emunda.

Utano Nekuchengetedzwa Kwekudya

Zvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipembenene zvinova nyaya yekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu kana kuratidzwa kwakapfuura mazinga anoonekwa seanogamuchirika kuburikidza neyakagadzika ongororo yenjodzi, kunyanya kana vatengi vachigara vachidya zvinhu zvine utachiona kwenguva yakareba uye nepakati pezvakawanda zvekudya.

Njodzi inotsamira pamushonga wezvipembenene, dhamu, kufumurwa nguva zhinji, nzira yekufumurwa, hunhu hwevatengi, uye chimiro chehupfu pane kungovepo kana kuonekwa kwezvakasara mukuyedzwa nekutarisa murabhoritari.

Vatengi vanogona kusangana nezvisaririra kuburikidza nekudyiwa kwakananga kwezviyo uye mhunga, nepo zviyo zvakasvibiswa zvinoshandiswa mukudya kwemhuka zvinogona kugadzira imwe nzira yezvigadzirwa zvezvipfuyo uye masisitimu echikafu akakura kuburikidza nekuratidzwa kwechikafu chisina kunanga.

The article on nzira dzekudzivirira zvipembenene inotsanangura kuti kupinza, inhalation, dermal kusangana, uye dzimwe nzira dzinopesvedzera kuti njodzi dzezvipembenene dzinogona kupinda sei mumuviri wemunhu, zvichienderana nechinhu uye kuratidzwa mamiriro.

Dudziro yerabhoritari ine basa zvakare nekuti zviyero zvakasara zvinofanirwa kusiyanisa kusvibiswa kwechokwadi kubva mukukanganisa kwekuongorora, kusvibiswa kwemuenzaniso, nzira dzisina kukodzera dzekuona, kana mhedzisiro inoshumwa pazasi yakavimbika quantification zvikumbaridzo zvakatarwa maitiro ekuyedza.

Zvisaririra zvinogonawo kukanganisa magariro ezvipenyu kana mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ichibva kuminda yakacheneswa, ichipinda mumvura, kana kuramba iri muvhu, ichigadzira mikana yekusangana yezvisina chinangwa uye nzvimbo dzekurima kunze kwenzvimbo yekutanga kurapwa.

Research on zvinhu zvine ngozi uye zvipenyu zvemumvura inoratidza kuti nei kudzivirira kufamba kwemakemikari muhova, madziva, migero yemvura, matoro, uye mvura yepasi zvichiramba chiri chikamu chakakosha chekuchengetedza mishonga yezvipembenene nekudzivirira kusvibiswa kwekurima.

Maximum Residue Miganhu uye Monitoring

Maximum Residue Limits, inowanzonzi MRLs, inomisikidza yakanyanya kutenderwa zviri pamutemo yasara yemishonga yezvipembenene mukati kana pachikafu kana chikafu kana mishonga yezvipembenene ichishandiswa zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekurima anotenderwa.

Codex MRLs inotsamira pane zvakasara kubva mumiedzo inotariswa uye toxicological ongororo, nepo zviremera zvenyika zvichigona kumisa zvavanoda zvichienderana nekunyoreswa kwenzvimbo, maitiro ekurima, maitiro ekudya, uye zvimiro zvemitemo.

Vagadziri nokudaro vanofanirwa kunzwisisa chigadzirwa chemishonga yezvipembenene, chirimwa, kushandiswa kwakatenderwa, mwero wekunyorera, nguva isati yakohwewa, uye nzvimbo yemusika vasati varapa zviyo kana zvirimwa zvakagadzirirwa kutengeswa mumisika yemunyika kana yekunze.

Yazvino Codex nhungamiro inocherekedza zvakare masara emishonga yezvipembenene sezvinhu zvinobva mukushandiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene, zvinosanganisira akakodzera metabolites, shanduko zvigadzirwa, maitiro ezvigadzirwa, uye tsvina inoonekwa setoxicologically yakakosha pakuongorora njodzi yevatengi uye mutemo.

Kutarisisa kunoshanda kunoda sampling inomiririra nekuti huwandu hwezvisaririra hunogona kusiyana mukati memuzhinji zvichienderana nemaitiro ekurapa, mamiriro ekuchengetera, kusanganiswa kwezviyo, kugadzira, uye kusvibiswa nhoroondo yezvekutengesa zvinhu.

Guidance on kuongororwa kwezvinhu zvine ngozi inosimbisa kukosha kwesampling yakakodzera, kubata, kuyedzwa, uye kududzira kana uchiongorora kuratidzwa kwekemikari muchikafu, zvinhu zvakatipoteredza, uye masampu emarara anounganidzwa nechinangwa chekutonga.

Mapurogiramu enyika ekutarisa anogona kuenzanisa mhedzisiro yerabhoritari neanoshanda MRLs uye kuongorora zvinhu zvinodarika zvinotemerwa, kutsigira kuteedzera, kuteedzera, kugadzirisa, kuchengetedza kwevatengi, uye kuvimba kwemusika mumisika yezvikafu.

Tsika yakanaka yekurima inoramba iri pakati nekuti zvirambidzo hazvitsive kungwarira kutonga kwemakemikari; pachinzvimbo, vagadziri vanofanira kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvakatenderwa nemazvo uye voshandisa chete izvo zvinodikanwa pakurwisa tumbuyu kunobudirira.

Kutungamira kutungamira pa maitiro ekutarisira mishonga yezvipembenene inosimbisa kukosha kweiyo nguva yakatarwa, mareti, nzira dzekushandisa, kutevedzera manyorero, uye maitiro anoderedza kusingatarisirwe kutakura kwezvakatipoteredza kubva kuminda yekurima nekuchengetedza mabasa.

Maitiro Anoderedza Masara

1. Tevera Mazita: Verenga mazita emishonga yese yezvipembenene usati washandisa uye tevera chirimwa chakatenderwa, chipimo chemushonga, nzira yekushandisa, nguva isati yakohwewa, matanho ekudzivirira, uye zvirambidzo zvezvigadzirwa zvechikafu kuchengetedza kutevedza kwemitemo.

2. Calibrate Equipments: Zvishongedzerwa zvakamisikidzwa zvakanaka uye maapplications anounza mamwe madosi echokwadi, kuderedza kuwandisa, kurapwa kusina kuenzana, tsvina yemakemikari, kukuvara kwechirimwa, uye kuunganidzwa kusingakoshi kwezvakasara pazvigadzirwa zvakakohwewa panguva yekushandiswa kwemaitiro uye kugadzirisa mwaka.

3. Tarisa Nguva dzekumirira: Bvumira nguva inodiwa pakati pemishonga yezvipembenene nekukohwa kuitira kuti zvisaririra zvive nemukana wakakwana wekuderera pasi pemamiriro anotarisirwa pachigadzirwa ichocho nechirimwa chisati chadyiwa.

4. Chengetedza Kuchengetera Kwakachena: Chengetedza zvitoro, mabhini, uriri, midziyo, mabhegi, uye midziyo yekutakura zvakachena uye yakaoma, uchidzivirira kusangana pakati penzvimbo dzakabikwa nezviyo zvisina kucheneswa panguva yekubata maoparesheni kana kutamiswa.

5. Kudzora Kuraswa Kwemakemikari: Bata misanganiswa yasara, kurasika, zvinhu zvine utachiona, uye midziyo isina chinhu nenzira dzakatenderwa pane kuirasira pedyo nezvitoro zvezvokudya, kunobva mvura, kana minda yakarimwa uko utachiona hunogona kupararira.

Nhungamiro yakakodzera yekurasa ye midziyo yemishonga yezvipembenene inosimbisa kudzivisa kushandiswazve kusingatenderwi uye kutevera mirairo-yakananga yekusukurudza, kubata, kuchengetedza, kudzorera, kana kuraswa, zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, rudzi rwemudziyo, uye zvinodiwa munharaunda.

Marara kubva mukubata mishonga yezvipembenene inoda kutariswa nekuti yakasara yakasanganiswa musanganiswa haifanire kuburitswa muvhu, mumigero, kana mumitumbi yemvura uko inogona kugadzira njodzi yekusvibisa. Guidance on dilute kuraswa kwemarara ezvipembenene inopa mamiriro.

Varimi vanokwanisawo kuderedza kutsamira kwemakemikari nekuvandudza hutsanana, kudzora mwando, kutenderedza mbesa pazvinenge zvakakodzera, kuongorora huwandu hwezvipembenene, uye kushandisa matanho asiri emakemikari sechikamu chezvirongwa zvakabatanidzwa zvekurwisa zvipembenene mumapurazi.

Research on matsime emarara ekurima inoratidza kuti midziyo yemakemikari yakaraswa uye marara epapurazi asina kubatwa zvakanaka anogona kugadzira nzira dzekusvibisa, zvichiita kuti kudzivirira marara kuve chikamu chakakosha chekudzora zvisaririra uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.

Kuongorora Masara eMushonga Muzviyo

Kuyedzwa kwezvisaririra kazhinji kunotanga nekumiririrwa kwemujenya wezviyo, nekuti sampuli diki kana isina kusarudzwa inogona kusaratidza huwandu hwekusvibiswa mukati mechinhu chose chiri kuongororwa nemazvo.

Marabhoritari anobva abvisa zvinonangwa kubva mumuenzaniso uye oshandisa nzira dzekuongorora dzakasimbiswa dzinokwanisa kuona uye kuverengera zvisaririra pamazinga akakodzera ekunzwa anodiwa pakuita sarudzo uye kuongorora.

Matanho ekuvimbisa hunhu akakosha nekuti zvikanganiso zvemurabhoritari, kusvibiswa-muchinjika, kuverengera zvisirizvo, kusachengeteka kwemuenzaniso, kana zvisina kukodzera mareferensi zviyero zvinogona kuburitsa mhedzisiro inorasika inokanganisa kuteedzera uye sarudzo dzemusika pamaketani ekupa chikafu.

Vaongorori vanogona kuyedza mishonga yezvipembenene kana akawanda masara panguva imwe chete, zvichienderana nechinhu, nhoroondo yekurapa inotarisirwa, zvinodiwa nemutemo, kutaurwa kwemusika, uye zvinangwa zvechirongwa chekutarisa zvakatangwa tisati tatorwa uye kuongororwa.

Mhedzisiro inofanirwa kududzirwa padivi peiyo MRL inoshanda, kusava nechokwadi kwekuongorora, tsananguro yezvigadzirwa, hurongwa hwesampling, uye musika wakatarwa, nekuti nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzinogona kumisa zvakasiyana zvinodikanwa zvechinhu chimwe chete uye mushonga wezvipembenene.

Kuyedzwa kunogona kutsigira chitupa chekunze kunze kwenyika, kuongorora kwemumba, kugamuchirwa kweprosesa, kuoneswa kwevarimi, kuongororwa kwezviitiko, uye kugadzirisa kwakanangwa chiito kana kusarira kwakapfuura kunodarika zvinodiwa zvemusanganiswa wemishonga yezvipembenene mumisika ine hurongwa.

Guidance on tsvina sampuli kubata maitiro inotaridza kuti nei kuisa mazita, kuongorora, kutakura, uye zvifambiso zvakachengeteka zvine basa kana masampuli emakemikari achida kuongororwa murabhoritari kana kumwe kuongorora kwezvakatipoteredza mhedzisiro isati yadudzirwa.

Related guide on zvisaririra zvemishonga yezvipfuyo inoratidza kuti nei kuongorora zvisaririra kuchigona kuwedzera kupfuura zvirimwa kana tsanga ine utachiona ichipinda mukudya kwemhuka nekugadzirwa, ichikanganisa zvigadzirwa zvemhuka pamwe nekudya kwevanhu.

Kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubatanidza maitiro emumunda, manejimendi ekuchengetera, sampling, ongororo yerabhoritari, kuteedzera, uye matanho ekugadzirisa pane kubata bvunzo dzezvakasara sechinhu chakasarudzika mukati mehurongwa hwekudya kana cheni yekugovera.

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Safer Storage uye Integrated Pest Management

Kudyidzana kwezvipembenene zvinogona kuderedza kuvimba nekushandiswa kwemushonga wezvipembenene nekubatanidza kudzivirira, kutarisa, kutonga kwemuviri, hutsanana, zvinhu zvinodzivirira, zvipenyu zvebhayoloji, uye zvakanyatsonangwa kurapwa kwemakemikari zvichibva pane zvakaratidzwa zvipembenene zvinodiwa.

Dry, yakachena, inochengetedzwa kuchengetedza inoderedza mamiriro anotsigira kukura kwezvipembenene uye fungal matambudziko, kuderedza dzvinyiriro yekudzokorora kubata zviyo nemakemikari anodzivirira panguva yenguva refu yekuchengetedza uye kutenderera kutenderera kwemaitiro.

Mamaneja ekuchengetera anofanirwa kuongorora zviyo zviri kuuya, kubvisa zvinhu zvakakanganisika, kugadzirisa maburi, kudzora hunyoro, midziyo yakachena, uye kuchengetedza zvakarapwa uye zvisina kurapwa zvakapatsanurwa zvakajeka mukati mekuchengetedza uye kubata mabasa munzvimbo yese.

Ikoko kunoramba kuchidikanwa kutonga kwemakemikari, vashandisi vanofanirwa kusarudza zvigadzirwa zvakanyoreswa zviyo uye zvipembenene zvinonangwa, vobva vateedzera maratidziro asina kuvandudza mitengo, kusanganisa mirairo, nguva yekushandisa, kana kuchengetedza.

Tsika yakanaka yekuchengetedza inodzivirirawo vashandi nekuti kuchengetedzwa kwemakemikari kubata, kudzorwa kupinda, kufefetera, marekodhi akajeka, midziyo yekudzivirira, uye nzira dzekukurumidzira dzinoderedza kuratidzwa netsaona panguva yekurapa uye kubata zviyo zvenguva dzose.

Nhungamiro pamarara emishonga yezvipembenene semarara ane ngozi inosimbisa kukosha kwekugadzirisa zvisaririra zvemakemikari, midziyo isina chinhu, uye zvinhu zvine hukama nemazvo pane kuzvitora semarara epamba kana epapurazi panzvimbo dzekurasa.

Matanho ekudzivirira anobatsirawo kunaka kwemvura nekuti mishonga inouraya zvipembenene inoramba iri patsime kashoma kuti isvike pamigero yemvura, nzizi, madziva, mvura yepasi, kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzinonetsa dziri pedyo nekurima uye nzvimbo dzekuchengetera.

Ruzivo rwakawedzerwa pa kutakura mishonga yezvipembenene mumvura pamusoro pemvura inotsanangura kuti makemikari akanyungudutswa uye zvimedu zvakasungwa zvingafamba sei nemvura, zvichiratidza kukosha kwekudzivirira kuyerera, kutakurwa kwetsvina, uye kusvibiswa kwepasi.

Research on kuparara kwepesticide uye metabolism muzvirimwa inotsanangura kuti oxidation, kudzikisira, hydrolysis, conjugation, uye kusunga maitiro kunokanganisa sei mafambiro ezvipembenene mukati memiti yezvirimwa mushure mekurapwa uye kutora.

Pfupiso pamusoro peMishonga Yezvipembenene muZviyo nemaPulses

Mibvunzo Inowanzo Kubvunzwa Nezve Mishonga Yezvipembenene Zvisaririra muZviyo uye Pulses

1. Chii chinonzi masara emishonga yezvipembenene muzviyo nemupurwa?

Izvo zvinhu zvine chekuita nemishonga yezvipembenene zvinosara mukati kana pazviyo uye pulses mushure mekurapwa, zvinosanganisira akakodzera metabolites uye mamwe toxicologically akakosha masara.

2. Zvisaririra zvinopinda sei zviyo zvakachengetwa?

Vanogona kupinda kuburikidza nemishonga yekuchengetera yakatenderwa, midziyo yakasvibiswa kana nzvimbo, kushandiswa kusiri iko, kutamisa netsaona, uye zvisaririra zvakasara kubva mumabasa ekutanga ekudzora zvipembenene.

3. Chii chinonzi MRL?

MRL ndiyo uwandu hwehuwandu hwezvakasara zvemishonga yezvipembenene zvinotenderwa zviri pamutemo mukati kana muchikafu kana chikafu pasi pemaitiro ekurima akatsanangurwa.

4. Kugadzira kungaderedza masara emishonga yezvipembenene here?

Mamwe matanho ekugadzirisa anogona kuderedza zvakasara, asi kushanda kunosiyana nemushonga wezvipembenene, zvinhu, nzira yekugadzira, nzvimbo yakasara, uye zvinhu zvemakemikari.

5. Varimi vangaderedza sei zvisaririra?

Varimi vanofanira kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvakanyoreswa nemazvo, kutevedzera manyorerwo aakaitwa, kuona nguva isati yakohwewa, kuenzanisa midziyo, kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakachena, uye kushandisa nzira dzakabatanidzwa dzezvipembenene.

6. Sei kuongororwa kwezvisaririra kwakakosha?

Kuedza kunoongorora kana zvakasara zvichiramba zviri mukati mezvinodiwa uye zvinotsigira kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, kugamuchirwa kwemusika, kuisirwa mutemo, kuteedzera, uye kugadzirisa chiito.

Iwe une chero mibvunzo, mazano, kana mipiro? Kana zvirizvo, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kushandisa bhokisi rekutaura pazasi kugovera pfungwa dzako. Tinokukurudzirawo kuti ugoverane nomutsa mashoko aya nevamwe vangabatsirwa nawo. Sezvo tisingakwanisi kusvika munhu wose panguva imwe chete, tinoonga zvechokwadi rubatsiro rwenyu mukuparadzira shoko. Ndinokutendai zvikuru nerutsigiro rwenyu uye nokugoverana!

Verenga zvakare: Misimboti uye Nzira dzekuchengeta chirimwa mukurima