Imithetho Nemithetho Elawula Izinto Eziyingozi Nezinobuthi

Ukuphathwa kwemfucuza eyingozi kusalokhu kuwukukhathazeka okubalulekile kwemvelo ngoba izinto ezinobuthi zingasongela impilo yabantu, zingcolise imvelo, futhi zidale imiphumela yesikhathi eside kwezenhlalo nezomnotho lapho iziphathimandla zehluleka ukuzilawula ngendlela efanele.

Ngakho-ke ukubusa kwemvelo kwamazwe ngamazwe kuye kwasungula imithetho elawula ukukhiqizwa, ukuphatha, ukuthuthwa, ukwelashwa, ukugcinwa, nokulahlwa kwezinto eziyingozi, ikakhulukazi lapho ukunyakaza kwazo kweqa imingcele yezwe noma kubeka imiphakathi engozini.

Amazwe aphinde asungula imithetho yasekhaya nezikhungo zokulawula ukuze agcwalise izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, aqinisekise ukuthi izimboni, amakhaya, abathuthi, nezindawo zokulahla izinto ezilahlwayo zisingatha izinto eziyingozi ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko ezimisiwe zemvelo nezempilo yomphakathi.

Ukukhathazeka kwaphuthuma ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuba ukuthunyelwa kwemfucuza eyingozi kufinyelele emazweni asathuthuka anezinhlelo ezibuthakathaka zokuphatha imfucuza, okuholele ekutheni ohulumeni nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe zifune ukulawula okuqinile ngokumelene nokulahlwa ngokungemthetho nokulahlwa ngendlela engaphephile.

Le ntuthuko ikhiqize izinhlaka ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe, ikakhulukazi i-Basel Convention kanye ne-Bamako Convention, eyasungula imigomo ebalulekile yokulawula izinto ezinobuthi kanye nemfucumfucu eyingozi kuyilapho kuvikela abantu kanye nemvelo.

Isidingo Somhlaba Wonke Sokulawulwa Kwezinto Ezinobuthi

Ukukhathazeka kwamazwe ngamazwe ngemfucuza eyingozi kwangena kakhulu ohlelweni lwenqubomgomo yezemvelo ekuqaleni kwawo-1980, lapho uHlelo Lwezemvelo LweNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene luhlonza ukuphathwa kukadoti oyingozi phakathi kwezindawo ezibalulekile zomthetho wezemvelo.

Ukukhula kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwandisa ubuningi nokwehlukahlukana kwezinto eziyingozi ezingena emifudlaneni yemfucuza, kwadala amathuba amakhulu okuba amakhemikhali anobuthi afinyelele umhlabathi, amanzi, umoya, izilwane zasendle kanye nenani labantu.

Okwesimanje izindlela zokuphatha udoti oyingozi gcizelela ukuhlonza, ukugcinwa okuphephile, ukuthutha, ukwelashwa, ukululama, kanye nokulahlwa kokugcina ngoba ukuphatha okungalawulwa kungadala ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye nezingozi ezinkulu zempilo yomphakathi.

Ukulawulwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kwaba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu lapho amazwe acebile ekhiqiza inqwaba yemfucumfucu eyingozi futhi ezama ukuhambisa lezo zinto ziyise emazweni angenayo ingqalasizinda eyanele yokwelashwa noma ukulahlwa okuphephile.

Impendulo yokulawula ihlose ukuvimbela ukungabi nabulungisa kwemvelo ngokudinga amazwe ukuthi amukele umthwalo wemfanelo wemfucumfucu ayikhiqizayo futhi ingakhuthazi ukudluliselwa kwezinto eziyingozi emiphakathini esengozini.

Ukulawula okusebenzayo kuphinde kukhuthaze ukuncishiswa kwemfucuza emthonjeni, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuphephile, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okunesibopho, imibhalo efanele, nokulahlwa okunengqondo kwemvelo esikhundleni sokuthembela ngokuphelele ekuphathweni kwamapayipi.

Funda Futhi: Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinto Ezithile Eziyingozi Nezinobuthi

I-Basel Convention kanye Nezinto Ezinobuthi

I-Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movement of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal yamukelwa mhla zingama-22 March 1989 ngaphansi koxhaso lweNhlangano Yezizwe.

IsiVumelwano saqala ukusebenza mhla zizi-5 kuNhlaba 1992 futhi sasungula uhlaka lwamazwe ngamazwe lokulawula ukuhanjiswa kwemfucuza eyingozi ngesikhathi sikhuthaza ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwemvelo kwemfucuza eyingozi.

Lesi sivumelwano savela ngokwengxenye ekuxwayiseni kwamazwe ngamazwe kulandela ukutholwa ngeminyaka yawo-1980 yokulahlwa kukadoti onobuthi e-Afrika nakwezinye izifunda ezisathuthuka ngemva kokufika kwempahla evela phesheya.

I imithetho yemfucuza eyingozi yasendlini okuxoxwe ngayo ngabakwa-WealthInWastes kubonisa ukuthi kungani ukulawulwa kwemithetho kubalulekile, ngoba upende, izincibilikisi, izibulala-zinambuzane, amabhethri, imikhiqizo yezimoto, namakhemikhali kungadala izingozi ngaphandle kwezindawo zezimboni.

Isivumelwano sidinga amazwe athumelayo ukuthi azise amazwe angenisayo futhi athole imvume yawo ebhaliwe ngaphambi kokuba ukuthunyelwa okuvunyelwe kuqhubeke, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe uhlelo olusekelwe ezinqumweni ezinolwazi lwangaphambili.

Kudingeka futhi ukuthi izinhlangothi ziqinisekise ukuthi udoti oyingozi ufinyelela ezindaweni ezifanele futhi uthola ukwelashwa okuhambisana nemvelo, kunokuvumela umnyakazo wamazwe ngamazwe ube yindlela yokugwema umthwalo wasekhaya.

I ukuhlukaniswa kwemithombo yemfucuza eyingozi kusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani izinhlelo zokulawula zihlukanisa amakhemikhali ezimboni, imikhiqizo yokuhweba, izibulala-zinambuzane, izinsimbi ezisindayo, izincibilikisi, nezinye izinto eziyingozi ngokwezimpawu zazo.

I-Basel Governance kanye Nentuthuko Enkulu

1. I-Basel Ban: Isichibiyelo Sokuvinjelwa Kwe-Basel siqinise izilawuli zokuthunyelwa kwemfucuza eyingozi emazweni angaphandle ngokubhekana nokuthunyelwa kwamazwe athuthukile kuya emazweni asathuthuka, kugcizelela ukuvikelwa okuqinile kwamazwe athola imfucuza eyingozi.

2. Iphrothokholi Yesikweletu: I-Basel Protocol on Liability and Compensation yamukelwa ngo-1999 ukuze kubhekwane nesibopho kanye nesinxephezelo somonakalo ohlobene nokugudluzwa kwemfucumfucu eyingozi.

3. Indlela Yokuthobela Imithetho: ISivumelwano sisungule izindlela ezisekela ukuqaliswa nokuthobelana, ukusiza izinhlangothi ukuhlonza ubunzima, ukukhuthaza ukubambisana, nokuthuthukisa ikhono lazo lokwanelisa izibopho zesivumelwano.

4. Ukubambisana Kwengqungquthela: Ukubusa kwe-Basel kusebenza ngokuhambisana neNgqungquthela yase-Rotterdam kanye neNgqungquthela yase-Stockholm, kudala ukuxhumana okuqinile kwamazwe ngamazwe ngamakhemikhali ayingozi, izibulala-zinambuzane, kanye nokungcola kwemvelo okuqhubekayo.

5. Ukubambisana Kwezobuchwepheshe: Ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kusekela amazwe ngokucobelelana ngolwazi, ukwakhiwa kwamakhono, isiqondiso sobuchwepheshe, izindlela zokuphatha ezivumelana nemvelo, kanye nezinhlelo eziqinile zesikhungo zokulawula udoti oyingozi.

Izinjongo Zokulawula Imfucuza Eyingozi

Inhloso yokuqala enkulu ibandakanya ukunciphisa ukuphehlwa kukadoti oyingozi noma kuphi lapho kusebenza khona, ngoba ukuvimbela udoti oyingozi emthonjeni ngokuvamile kunikeza ukuvikeleka kwemvelo okukhulu kunokuzama ukuphatha amanani amakhulu kamuva.

I izici zemfucuza eyingozi ukunquma izilawuli zezingozi okufanele zibhekane nazo, okuhlanganisa ubuthi, ukubola, ukuvutha, ukuphinda usebenze, ukuphikelela, nezinye izici ezikwazi ukulimaza izinto eziphilayo.

Umgomo wesibili ukhuthaza ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwemvelo, edinga izinto eziyingozi ukuze zidlule ezinhlelweni ezilawulwayo ezinciphisa ukukhishwa ngengozi, ukuchayeka kwezisebenzi, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, nokulahlwa okungafanele.

Inhloso yesithathu ikhawulela umnyakazo wamazwe ngamazwe ngaphandle kwalapho inhlangano ihlangabezana nezidingo zemvelo, izidingo zokuthola kabusha okusemthethweni, nezinqubo zokuvuma ezisebenzayo ezisungulwe phakathi kwezifundazwe ezibamba iqhaza.

I imiphumela yemfucuza endaweni ezungezile khombisa isizathu esibanzi salezi zinhloso ngoba imfucuza engalawulwa kahle ingangcolisa imithombo yemvelo futhi yehlise izinga lemvelo.

Enye inhloso isungula uhlelo lokulawula ukunyakaza okuvunyelwe kwemingcele, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iziphathimandla zingaqapha ukuthunyelwa, ziqinisekise imibhalo, zihlonze abathintekayo, futhi zingenelele lapho izimfuneko zephulwa.

Isimiso sokusondelana siphinde sikhuthaze ukulahlwa eduze kwendawo lapho udoti oyingozi uvela khona noma nini lapho kufanele ngokobuchwepheshe nangokwendawo ezungezile, kuncishiswe izingozi zokuthutha ezingadingekile kanye nokuqinisa umthwalo wemfanelo wokuphehla ugesi.

Izibopho Ngaphansi Kwengqungquthela Ye-Basel

1. Imikhawulo yokungenisa: Izingxenye ezenqabela ukungeniswa kwemfucuza eyingozi kwamanye amazwe kumele zazise ezinye izinhlangothi ngezinqumo zazo, zivumele ozakwethu bamazwe ngamazwe nabathumeli bangaphandle ukuthi babone imikhawulo kazwelonke ngaphambi kokuhlela ukuthunyelwa.

2. Imvume Ebhaliwe: Izifundazwe ezithumela ngaphandle akumele zivumele ukuthunyelwa lapho izwe elingenisayo livimbele okokusebenza noma linganikezanga imvume ebhaliwe yomnyakazo othile.

3. Ukuphatha Okuphephile: Amazwe ahilelekile ekuhambeni okuvumelekile kufanele aqinisekise ukuthi imfucumfucu eyingozi ithola ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwezemvelo, ukuvimbela ukuphathwa ngendlela engafanele nokulahlwa ngemva kokuthuthwa kwamanye amazwe.

4. Ulwazi Olulungile: Izinhlangothi kufanele zinikeze ulwazi olunembile mayelana nokuthuthwa kwemfucuza eyingozi, ukusekela ukwengamela nokuvumela iziphathimandla ukuthi zihlole ubungozi ngaphambi kokuba izinto zeqe imingcele yamazwe ngamazwe.

5. Ukubambisana Kwezomthetho: Amaqembu kufanele abambisane ekuvimbeleni, ekuqapheni, ekusizeni ngezobuchwepheshe, nasekuqinisweni kwemithetho, kuqiniswe izinhlelo zikazwelonke ezilawula izinto ezinobuthi kanye nemfucuza eyingozi ekhiqizwa ngokulahlwa.

Ukuqaliswa okuqinile kudinga ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza okunembile ngaphambi kokuba ukunyakaza kwenzeke. I umehluko phakathi kukadoti oqinile kanye nemfucuza eyingozi isiza izinhlangano ukuthi zinqume ukuthi ziyasebenza yini izidingo ezikhethekile zokulawula.

Izikhungo zezimboni nazo zidinga izinhlelo zokulawula ezithembekile ngoba imisebenzi yokukhiqiza ingakhulula amakhemikhali, izincibilikisi, izinsimbi, izinsalela, nezinto ezingcolile ezidinga ukuphathwa okukhethekile.

I imithelela yemvelo yemfucuza yezimboni bonisa ukuthi kungani abalawuli begxila kakhulu ezimbonini, ezimbonini ezicubungulayo, amalabhorethri, izindawo zokuhluza, izindawo zokusebenzela, nezinye izinsiza eziphatha izinto eziyingozi.

Okuhlukile Okuvunyelwe kanye Nokunyakaza Kwemfucuza Okuphephile

Uhlaka lwe-Basel aluvimbeli konke ukuhanjiswa kwemfucuza eyingozi emhlabeni jikelele. Ivumela umnyakazo othize uma ihlangabezana nezimo ezimisiwe futhi isekele ukuphathwa okunobulungiswa kwemvelo.

Esinye sezimo sihilela izimo lapho izwe elithumelayo kwamanye amazwe lintula amandla obuchwepheshe adingekayo, izinsiza ezifanele, noma izindawo zokulahla ezifanele ukuze kulungiswe imvelo.

Esinye isimo senzeka lapho izinto eziyingozi zisebenza njengezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisemthethweni zokugaywa kabusha noma izimboni zokuthola kabusha ezisesimeni sokungenisa.

Ngisho noma inhlangano ifanelekela ukuhluka, iziphathimandla kufanele zigcine imibhalo efanele, izinqubo zemvume, izilawuli zezokuthutha, nokuvikela imvelo kuyo yonke inqubo.

I ukulahlwa kahle kwemfucuza yamakhemikhali ibonisa ukubaluleka kokumatanisa izinto eziyingozi nezindlela zokwelashwa ezifanele kunokudlulisa izingozi zisuka kwenye indawo ziye kwenye.

Ukuchithwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kunikeza esinye isibonelo esiwusizo. I ukulahlwa okuphephile kweziqukathi zezibulala-zinambuzane idinga ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele ngoba izinsalela zingangcolisa umhlabathi, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, namanzi angaphezulu.

Ukuncishiswa kwemfucuza kuhlala kungcono noma nini lapho kungenzeka. I ukuncishiswa kokukhiqizwa kukadoti yehlisa inani elidinga ukuthuthwa, ukwelashwa, ukugcinwa, noma ukulahlwa kokugcina.

Ingqungquthela yaseBamako kanye Nezokulawula zase-Afrika

1. Ukuvinjelwa kokungenisa: IsiVumelwano sase-Bamako siyakwenqabela ukungeniswa kwemfucuza eyingozi e-Afrika ngabantu abangewona amaqembu, okubonisa ukuphikiswa okuqinile kwesifunda ekusebenziseni amazwe ase-Afrika njengendawo yokuya kuyo udoti oyingozi.

2. Ukulawulwa Kokulahla Olwandle: I-Convention iyakwenqabela ukulahlwa kwemfucumfucu eyingozi olwandle, iqinisa ukuvikelwa kwesifunda emikhubeni yokulahla engangcolisa imvelo yasolwandle kanye nemiphakathi egudle ugu.

3. Izinto ezikhipha imisebe: Ngokungafani nezigaba zikadoti ezijwayelekile zohlaka lwe-Basel, i-Bamako ihlanganisa izindawo ezikhipha imisebe phakathi kwezilawuli zayo zemfucumfucu eyingozi, okubonisa indlela ebanzi ye-Afrika yokuvikela impilo yabantu kanye nemithombo yemvelo.

4. Izigaba Zobuthi: I-Convention ibona izakhiwo ezihlanganisa ukuqhuma, ukuvutha, ukuziphatha oksijini, izici ze-organic peroxide, ubuthi obunzima, ukugqwala, ubuthi obungapheli, kanye nobuthi bemvelo.

5. Umthwalo wemfanelo wase-Afrika: Uhlaka lwesifunda lukhuthaza amazwe ase-Afrika ukuthi aqinise amandla asekhaya, ukubambisana, ukuqapha, kanye nokuphathwa ngendlela efanele kwemvelo kunokuncika ezinhlelweni zokulahla ngaphandle.

IsiVumelwano sase-Bamako sithuthuke ekukhathazekeni okukhulayo mayelana nokulahlwa kwemfucuza eyingozi futhi sagcizelela isimo se-Afrika sokuthi ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kufanele kuhambisane nohwebo, izimboni kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho.

Ezolimo nazo zingakhiqiza izinto eziyingozi ngokusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane, umanyolo, amakhemikhali ezilwane, uwoyela, neziqukathi ezingcolile. I imithombo yemfucuza eyingozi yezolimo ngakho-ke kufanele ukunakwa ngokomthetho.

Ukulahlwa kwemfucuza yezolimo okungafanele kungadala izindlela zokungcola ezithinta ukudla, amapulazi, izindawo zamanzi, imfuyo, abasebenzi kanye nemiphakathi eseduze. I imiphumela yemvelo yemfucuza yezolimo qinisa lokhu kukhathazeka.

Funda Futhi: Inqubo Efanelekile Yokunciphisa Udoti

Ukuphoqelelwa Kwezwe Nokuvikelwa Kwemvelo

Izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe zisungula izibopho ezibanzi, kodwa ohulumeni bezwe basalokhu bebalulekile ekuhumusheni izibopho zesivumelwano zibe yimithetho ephoqelelayo elawula izimboni, abaphatha imfucuza, abathuthi, abangenisa kwamanye amazwe, abathumela kwamanye amazwe, kanye nezindawo zokulahla.

Ukuqinisa kuzwelonke okuphumelelayo kudinga izincazelo ezicacile, izimfuneko zelayisensi, izinqubo zokuhlola, izinhlelo zokubika, izinhlawulo, izinhlelo zokusabela ezimweni eziphuthumayo, kanye nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe ezimboza izinto eziyingozi nezinobuthi.

I imithombo yemfucuza yezimboni bonisa ukuthi kungani abalawuli bedinga izilawuli eziqondene nomkhakha othile ngoba izitshalo zamakhemikhali, izimboni zensimbi, ukusebenza kwe-petroleum, izindawo zokukhiqiza, nezinye izimboni zikhiqiza izinto eziyingozi ezihlukene.

Imindeni nayo idinga isiqondiso esisebenzayo ngoba izinto eziyingozi azikho ngaphakathi ezimbonini kuphela. Amabhethri, izincibilikisi, izibulala-zinambuzane, uketshezi lwezimoto, amakhemikhali okuhlanza, kanye nemikhiqizo ethile ye-elekthronikhi kungangena emifudlaneni evamile yemfucuza.

Imikhiqizo kagesi ingase ibe nezinto ezifana nomthofu, i-mercury, ne-cadmium. I ukuphathwa ngendlela efanele kukadoti kagesi ngakho-ke iyingxenye yokulawulwa okubanzi kwezinto ezinobuthi.

Izikhungo zezokwelapha ngokufanayo zikhiqiza imfucuza yamakhemikhali, eyekhemisi, ethathelwanayo, kanye neminye eyingozi edinga ukuphathwa okukhethekile. I imithombo yemfucuza ekhethekile ye-biomedical khombisa ububanzi bezinto ezidinga ukuhlukaniswa ngokucophelela.

Ukuvikelwa kwamanzi kusalokhu kungenye into ebaluleke kakhulu yokuphoqelela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngoba izinto eziyingozi zingahamba emiseleni, emifuleni, emanzini angaphansi komhlaba, namanzi angcolile. I ukuvikelwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba nama-aquifers ngakho-ke isekela ukuvikeleka kwemvelo yesikhathi eside.

Ama-ejensi wezemvelo kufanele ahlanganise ukuvimbela nokuphoqelela, akhuthaze ukukhiqizwa okuhlanzekile kuyilapho ebeka unswinyo oluzwakalayo ngokulahlwa kwempahla ngokungemthetho, ezokuthutha ezingagunyaziwe, isitoreji esingaphephile, neminye imikhuba edalula imiphakathi.

I ukusabela komphakathi ekungcolisweni kwemvelo futhi kubalulekile ngoba ukulawulwa okusebenzayo kwezidakamizwa ezinobuthi kuncike ezakhamuzini ezinolwazi, amabhizinisi anomthwalo wemfanelo, izikhungo ezisobala, nokubamba iqhaza komphakathi ekuvikelweni kwemvelo.

Ngakho-ke izinqubomgomo zokulawula udoti kufanele zixhumanise izilawuli zezinto eziyingozi nokugaywa kabusha, ukutholwa, ukwelashwa, kanye nokunciphisa umthombo. Izinhlelo ezifanele zokugaywa kabusha zinganciphisa ingcindezi ezindaweni zokulahla futhi zikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ngendlela efanele.

I ukubaluleka kokuphathwa kwemfucuza ngendlela efanele kuba sobala ikakhulukazi lapho izinto eziyingozi zidinga ukuphathwa okulawulwayo kusukela endaweni yokukhiqiza ngokwelashwa kokugcina noma ukulahlwa.

Ukucatshangelwa kwezomnotho kufanele futhi kusekele ukuqiniswa komthetho ngoba ukungcola kudala izindleko zokuhlanza, izindleko zezempilo, ukulahlekelwa komkhiqizo, ukulimala kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo, kanye neminye imithwalo engadlula izindleko zokuvimbela ukungcola.

Isifinyezo Semithetho Nemithetho Elawula Izinto Eziyingozi Nezinobuthi

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Nemithetho Nemithetho Ebusa Izinto Eziyingozi Nezinobuthi

1. Yiziphi izinto ezinobuthi?

Izinto ezinobuthi izinto ezingabangela imiphumela eyingozi kubantu, izilwane, izitshalo, noma i-ecosystem uma ukuchayeka kwenzeka emazingeni ayingozi.

2. Iyini i-Basel Convention?

Kuyisivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe sezemvelo esilawula ukugudluzwa kwemfucuza eyingozi ukweqa imingcele kanye nokugqugquzela ukuphathwa kwemfucuza ehambisana nemvelo.

3. Isho ukuthini imvume yokwaziswa kwangaphambili?

Kusho ukuthi izwe elingenisayo kufanele lithole ulwazi olufanele futhi linikeze imvume ebhaliwe ngaphambi kokuqhutshwa kokuthunyelwa kwemfucuza eyingozi elawulwayo.

4. Uyini Umhlangano WaseBamako?

Kuyisivumelwano sesifunda sase-Afrika esivimbela ukungeniswa kwemfucuza eyingozi e-Afrika ngabantu abangewona amaqembu futhi siqinise ukulawulwa kokulawulwa kwemfucuza eyingozi ngaphakathi kwe-Afrika.

5. Kungani imfucuza eyingozi ilawulwa?

Alawulwa ukuze avimbele ukungcola, ukuchayeka okungaphephile, ukulahlwa kwemfucuza okungekho emthethweni, ukulinyazwa kwemvelo, izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi, kanye nokuthuthwa kwemfucuza okungalawuleki emhlabeni wonke.

6. Ingabe imfucuza eyingozi ingake yeqe imingcele?

Yebo. Ukunyakaza okuthile kungase kwenzeke lapho izimo zesivumelwano zisebenza, imvume edingekayo ikhona, futhi ukuphathwa okunengqondo kwemvelo kungaboniswa.

7. Yiziphi izici zemfucuza eyingozi ezithinta abalawuli?

Izici ezibalulekile zifaka ubuthi, ukugqwala, ukuvutha, ukusebenza kabusha, ukuphikelela, nobungozi bemvelo obukwazi ukukhiqiza ukulimala okukhulu.

8. Kungani imithetho yezwe ibalulekile?

Imithetho kazwelonke iguqula izibopho zamazwe ngamazwe zibe yizidingo ezingokoqobo zokuthola amalayisense, ukuhlolwa, ezokuthutha, ukugcinwa, ukwelashwa, ukulahlwa, ukubika, kanye nokuphoqelela.

9. Kungani kubalulekile ukunciphisa imfucuza eyingozi?

Ukunciphisa imfucuza eyingozi emthonjeni kwehlisa izidingo zokuphatha, ubungozi bezokuthutha, izindleko zokwelashwa, imithwalo yokulahla, namathuba okungcoliswa kwemvelo.

10. Yimiphi imikhakha evamise ukuphehla imfucuza eyingozi?

Imikhakha ejwayelekile ihlanganisa ezokukhiqiza, ze-petroleum, ezolimo, ezokunakekelwa kwezempilo, amalabhorethri, ukucutshungulwa kwensimbi, ezokwakha, izindlu, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemishini kagesi.

Ingabe unayo imibuzo, iziphakamiso, noma iminikelo? Uma kunjalo, sicela ukhululeke ukusebenzisa ibhokisi lokuphawula elingezansi ukuze wabelane ngemicabango yakho. Futhi sikukhuthaza ukuba wabelane ngomusa lokhu kwaziswa nabanye abangase bazuze kukho. Njengoba singakwazi ukufinyelela wonke umuntu ngesikhathi esisodwa, silwazisa ngempela usizo lwakho ekusakazeni izwi. Siyabonga kakhulu ngokusekela kwakho nokwabelana!

Funda Futhi: Umhlahlandlela Ofanele Wokulawulwa Kwemfucuza Yasepulazini