Mhedzisiro yeMvura Yakasvibiswa paMunhu

Mvura yakachena inokosha pakunwa, kubika, utsanana, kurima, uye mamwe mabasa ezuva nezuva, asi mvura inogona kusvibiswa netupukanana tusingaoneki, makemikari, zvinovaka muviri, tsvina, uye zvinhu zvinongoitika zvoga kuti zvishandiswe nevanhu zvakachengeteka.

Vanhu vanowanzobvunza kuti ndezvipi zvinosvibisa zviri mumvura, kuti zvinhu izvi zvakanyura sei, uye kuti kuratidzwa kunogona kuunza chirwere chekukurumidza, chirwere chenguva refu, matambudziko ekukura, kana zvimwe zvinokuvadza pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekuratidzira.

Hutano hwemvura yakasvibiswa hunoenderana nekusvibiswa, huwandu huripo, nguva uye nzira yekuratidzwa, zera, mamiriro ehutano, uye kana mvura yacho inorapwa isati yashandiswa uye kuisa pfungwa kunobatanidzwa.

Kusvibiswa kunogona kuitika mumvura yepasi, munzizi, mumadziva, madhamu, matsime, gadziriro dzokuchengetera zvinhu, gadziriro dzokugovera, kana kuti midziyo yemumba apo zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvinopinda mumvura panguva yokuunganidza, kutakurwa, kurapwa, uye kuchengetwa kusati kwasvika panzvimbo inoshandiswa.

Ichi chinyorwa chinotsanangura zvakakosha migumisiro yemvura yakasvibiswa pavanhu, inotarisa kune nitrate, arsenic, mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, zvipembenene zvehupenyu, uye matanho anoshanda anogona kuderedza kuratidzwa uye kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu kumhuri nenharaunda zvakafanana.

Kunzwisisa Mvura Yakasvibiswa Nemigumisiro Yayo

Kusvibiswa kwemvura kunoitika kana zvinhu zvachinja chimiro chemvura, kemikari, kana zvipenyu zvekuti ive isina kuchengetedzeka kushandiswa kwainoda kushandiswa, kusanganisira kunwa, kubika, kutandara, kudiridza, kana kugadzira zvipfuyo.

Zviwanikwa zvinosanganisirwa zvinosanganisira tsvina, mvura inoyerera pakurima, inoraswa mumaindasitiri, nzvimbo dzinorasa, mvura ine dutu, masisitimu emvura asina kuchengetwa zvakanaka, uye zvicherwa zvinongoitika zvinonyunguduka mumvura yepasi pemamiriro ezvinhu epamvura akasiyana.

Zvinosvibisa mvura zvinogona kuiswa mumichero, inorganic, mushonga wezvipembenene nemushonga wesora, organic chemical, radioactive, uye zvinosvibisa zvemuviri, neboka rega rega richiburitsa nzira dzekufumurwa dzakasiyana uye mhedzisiro yehutano pamvura dzakasiyana.

Mamiriro echitubu chemvura anogona kushanduka nekufamba kwenguva nekuti kunaya kwemvura, mafashamo, kusanaya kwemvura, kushandiswa kwevhu, kutadza kurapwa, kukuvadzwa kwezvivakwa, uye kuburitswa netsaona kunogona kushandura kusvibiswa kwakanyanya mumwaka wakasiyana.

Vanhu vanoshandisa matsime epachivande vanogona kutarisana nenjodzi dzakasiyana kubva kune avo vanowana zvakacheneswa zvemunisiparati nekuti kemikari yemvura yepasi, zviitiko zviri pedyo, kuvaka matsime, kugadzirisa, uye maitiro ekutarisa anogona kusiyana zvakanyanya pakati penzvimbo nenharaunda.

Mvura ine utachiona inogona kukanganisa vanhu kuburikidza nekunwa, kugadzira chikafu, kugeza, kufemerwa neaerosols, kubata ganda, kana kunwa zvirimwa nemhuka dzakafumurwa nemvura ine tsvina nekufamba kwenguva panguva yezviitiko zvemvura ine tsvina.

Migumisiro yehutano inotangira kubva kuchirwere chenguva pfupi yegumbo uye kupera kwemvura kusvika kukuvadzwa kwenhengo, migumisiro yekukura, matambudziko ekubereka, kukuvara kwetsinga, uye mamwe magomarara, zvichienderana nekusvibiswa uye chiyero chekuratidzwa uye kusagadzikana kwemunhu.

Nemhaka yokuti zvinosvibisa zvinosiyana zvikuru, chitarisiko chine makore, kuravira kusina kujairika, kana kuti kunhuwa kusingafadzi hakugoni kuziva nenzira yakavimbika kana mvura isina ngozi, zvichiita kuongororwa kwemvura kwakakodzera, kurapwa, uye kuchengetedzwa kwakakosha kumhuri.

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Mhedzisiro yeNitrate muMvura Yakasvibiswa

Nitrate isanganiswa ine nitrogen inowanzobatanidzwa nefetereza, mupfudze, mvura yetsvina, uye zvimwe zvitubu zvekusvibiswa kwekudya kunovaka muviri, kunyanya uko mabasa ekurima anoitika pedyo nemvura yepasi kana zviwanikwa zvemvura yepasi kusanganisira zvitubu zvisina kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka.

Kana mazinga e nitrate achikwira mumvura yekunwa, vacheche vanogona kutarisana nenjodzi nekuti nitrate inogona kubatsira kumethemoglobinemia, mamiriro anoderedza kugona kweropa kutakura okisijeni pakati pevana vadiki.

Mamiriro acho anowanzo kunzi blue-baby syndrome nekuti kusakwana kweokisijeni kunogona kukonzera bluish ganda uye, muzviitiko zvakakomba, matambudziko akakomba kana kufa kana kurapwa nekukurumidza kusingapiwe munharaunda dzakabatwa.

Vacheche vacheche ndivo vanonyanya kutambudzika nokuti maitiro avo ekugadzirisa kudya uye maitiro ehupenyu anogona kuwedzera kutendeuka kwenitrate ku nitrite, iyo inovhiringidza kutakura kweokisijeni yakajairika muropa umo utsanana uye kutarisa zvishoma.

Kubata pamuviri kunofanirwawo kunyatsotariswa nekuti kuratidzwa kune yakakwira nitrate kwakaongororwa kuitira hukama hunogona kuitika nemhedzisiro yakaipa yekubereka, kunyangwe njodzi dzemunhu dzinoenderana nemazinga ekuratidzwa uye zvimwe zvinhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekushandisa-mvura.

Nitrate kusvibiswa kunogona kupinda mumvura yekunwa kana mafetireza, tsvina yemhuka, septic masisitimu, kana sowage sosi inofamba nemuvhu uye inosvika kumvura yepasi, kunyanya uko zvipingamupinyi zvinodzivirira zvisina kukwana mushure mezviitiko zvikuru zvezvakatipoteredza zvaitika.

Kuderedza kuratidzwa kwenitrate kunoda kuchengetedza matsime, kubata mafetiraiza zvine hungwaru, kudzora manyowa nemvura yakasviba, kuchengetedza septic masisitimu, uye kuongorora matsime emvura ari munjodzi nguva dzose kana kusvibiswa kuchifungidzirwa uye kurapwa nekukurumidza kunova kuri madikanwa.

Mhuri dzinofanirwa kuwana ruzivo rwemhando yemvura yakavimbika uye kutsvaga nhungamiro yehunyanzvi kana kusvibiswa kwenitrate kwasimbiswa, kunyanya pakugadzirira mvura yekunwa kana mukaka wemucheche wevana vari pasi pemwedzi mitanhatu munharaunda dzekumaruwa.

Mhedzisiro yeArsenic muMvura Yakasvibiswa

Arsenic inogona kuitika yakasikwa mumvura yepasi uye inogonawo kupinda mumvura kuburikidza nemigodhi, zviitiko zveindasitiri, kuraswa kwemarara, kana dzimwe nzira dzezvakatipoteredza, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha kemikari inosvibisa yekunetseka kusanganisira matsime asina kuchengetedzwa zvakanaka.

Inorganic arsenic inonyanya kutyisa, uye kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kuburikidza nemvura yekunwa kunogona kuita kuti ganda rishanduke, matambudziko emwoyo, chirwere cheshuga, uye njodzi dzinowedzera dzekenza dzakawanda pamusoro pekuratidzwa kwenguva refu.

Arsenic exposure yakave yakabatanidzwawo nemigumisiro yakaipa yepamuviri uye zvinetso zvekukura, nehupenyu hwepakutanga huchigamuchira kunyanya kutariswa nokuti vana vanogona kuwana migumisiro yekusingaperi panguva dzakaoma dzekukura kwemakore akawanda.

Kusiyana nehutachiona hwehutachiona, arsenic inogona kusaburitsa kuravira kuri pachena, ruvara, kana kunhuwa mumvura yekunwa, saka kutaridzika kwega hakugone kuratidza kana chitubu chemvura chine kusachengeteka kwemukati mune mamwe mamiriro.

Vanhu vanogona kusangana nearsenic kuburikidza nekunwa mvura ine tsvina, kugadzira chikafu nayo, kudiridza zvirimwa, kana kudya chikafu chinogadzirwa nemvura ine tsvina, zvichigadzira nzira dzakati wandei dzekuratidzwa kwevanhu munzvimbo dzakasimudzwa muvanhu vanotambura.

Kuderedza kuratidzwa kunotanga nekuyedza kunobva mvura, kunyanya matsime epachivande munzvimbo dzinozivikanwa kuti dzine arsenic yakakwira zvakasimudzwa, zvichiteverwa nekusarudza nzira dzekurapa dzinoenderana nekuyerwa kwakayerwa uye mamiriro enzvimbo.

Zvimwe zvekushandisa zvakachengeteka zvinogona kupa dziviriro yekukurumidza apo kurapwa kusipo, kusavimbika, kana kudhura zvakanyanya, nepo masisitimu ekurapa anochengetedzwa zvakanaka anogona kubatsira kuderedza kuwanda kwearsenic kana yakagadzirirwa kusvibiswa uye kuratidzwa mamiriro.

Nekuti arsenic mhedzisiro ine hukama zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kuratidzwa, nharaunda dzinofanirwa kusanganisa kutarisisa nguva dzose, kuchengetedzwa kwesosi, kurapwa kunoshanda, uye kudzidzisa veruzhinji kudzivirira kudzokororwa kusangana nemvura yekunwa ine hutachiona kuitira dziviriro yemhuri.

Mhedzisiro Yemishonga Yezvipembenene Mumvura Yakasvibiswa

Mishonga yezvipembenene nesora inogona kupinda mumvura apo mishonga inoiswa mumapurazi, mapindu, patsangadzi, mumigwagwa, kana dzimwe nzvimbo inotakurwa nemvura inonaya, mvura inodiridza, inoyerera, kana kufamba nemuvhu pedyo nenzvimbo dzinorimwa.

Mukana wekusvibiswa kwemvura yekunwa unoenderana nemamiriro emakemikari, maitiro ekushandisa, mamiriro ekunze, hunhu hwevhu, chinhambwe kuenda kunzvimbo dzemvura, uye kushanda kwematanho ekudzivirira akatenderedza matsime uye nzira dzemvura dzinoda kutungamira kwakakodzera.

Mimwe mishonga yezvipembenene inoputsika nekukasira, nepo mamwe anogona kuramba ari muvhu kana mumvura, achibvumira zvisaririra kuti zvirambe zviripo zvekutakurwa uye kuratidzwa mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu kunyangwe akasiyana maitiro ezvakatipoteredza.

Hutano hunoenderana nemushonga wezvipembenene, fungidziro, nzira yekuratidzwa, kuwanda kwekubata, uye kubatwa nemunhu, saka kutaura kwakakura nezvemushonga wega wega unogadzira chirwere chimwe chete hazvina kukodzera pane kutora njodzi yakaenzana.

Vana vanogona kufanirwa kuchengetedzwa zvakanyanya nekuti miviri ichiri kusimukira inogona kupindura zvakasiyana pakufumurwa kwemakemikari, nepo vakadzi vane nhumbu nevashandi vekurima vanogona kutarisana nemikana yekuwedzera mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu kunyanya panguva yakaoma yekukura.

Kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemushonga wezvipembenene kunoda kutevedzera maratidziro, kudzivirira kushandiswa kwakanyanyisa, kuchengetedza nzira dzemvura, kucherechedza nzvimbo dzakavharwa, kuchengetedza michina yekushandisa, uye kuchengetedza makemikari kure nematsime uye nzira dzemvura pedyo nematsime, hova, uye madhamu.

Varimi vanokwanisawo kuderedza njodzi dzekusvibisa kuburikidza maitiro akabatanidzwa uye ane mutoro wezvakatipoteredza, izvo zvinosanganisa kutarisisa, tsika nemagariro, zvidzoreso zvebhayoloji, marudzi anoshingirira, nemishonga yakanyatsosarudzwa nemakemikari pazvinenge zvakakodzera uchishandisa nzira dzakachengeteka dzekudzivirira zvipembenene.

Zvitubu zvemvura zviri padhuze nekurima kwakanyanya kunofanirwa kutariswa kana kusvibiswa kwemishonga yezvipembenene kuchinzwisisika, uye kufungidzirwa kunofanirwa kukurukurwa nenyanzvi dzezvakatipoteredza, dzekurima, kana dzehutano kuti dziongororwe zvakakodzera vanhu vasati vakura.

Mhedzisiro yeBiological Contaminants muMvura

Kusvibiswa kwebhayoloji kunosanganisira mabhakitiriya, mavhairasi, protozoa, uye humwe hutachiona hunogona kupinda mumvura kuburikidza netsvina, tsvina yemhuka, mvura yemututu, kutadza kufambiswa kwehutsanana, nzvimbo dzine utachiona, kana kubata zvisina kuchengetedzeka kubva kumunhu nemhuka.

Escherichia coli inogona kuratidza kusvibiswa kwefecal, uye mamwe marudzi anogona kukonzera chirwere chakanyanya chegastrointestinal, nepo zvimwe zvipenyu zvakadai seGiardia neCryptosporidium zvikonzero zvakakosha zvezvirwere zvemanyoka zvinokonzerwa nemvura kunyanya pakati pevanhu vanotambura.

Zviratidzo zvemvura ine tsvina zvinogona kusanganisira manyoka, dumbu remudumbu, kusvotwa, kurutsa, fivha, kuneta, uye kupera simba kwemvura, nekuomarara kunokonzerwa nemuviri uye zera remunhu kana hutano zvinoenderana nenguva yehurwere.

Kupera mvura mumuviri kunogona kuita njodzi nekukurumidza muvacheche, vana vadiki, vakuru vakuru, uye vanhu vatopera simba nehurwere, kunyanya kana kurutsa uye manyoka zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwemvura uye kurasikirwa kweelectrolyte kana kurapwa kusingawaniki.

Cryptosporidium inogona kunetsa kudzora neimwe nzira yekuuraya utachiona, kugadzira kusefa, kufashaidza, kana nzira dzekurapa dzakanyatso shanda uchipesana nehupenyu hwakakosha kana kusvibiswa kuchifungidzirwa pasi pechimbichimbi kana mamiriro asina chokwadi.

Miitiro yemvura isina njodzi inosanganisira kudzivirira matsime kubva pakusvibiswa netsvina, kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzehutsanana, kugeza mawoko, kubata mvura isina kugadzikana nenzira kwayo, uye kuchengeta mvura yakacheneswa mumidziyo yakachena, yakavharwa kunyanya kune vanhu vanotambura.

Kufashaidza kunogona kuuraya tupukanana tunokonzera zvirwere, asi kufashaidza hakubvisi makemikari anokuvadza, simbi dzinorema, kana zvinhu zvine mwaranzi, saka nzira chaiyo yekurapa inofanirwa kuenderana netsvina kunyanya panguva yesarudzo dzemumba.

Kana mvura ine tsvina ichikonzera manyoka anoramba achienderera mberi, kurutsa, kupera mvura mumuviri, marara ane ropa, kutadza kufema zvakanaka, kushaya simba kwakanyanya, kana zviratidzo zviri mumunhu ari munjodzi, kukurumidza kuongororwa nachiremba kungave kuri madikanwa uchichengeta hutsanana hwemunhu.

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Kudzivirira uye Kutarisira Mvura Yakasvibiswa

Kudzivirira mvura ine tsvina kunotanga nekuchengetedza matsime emvura kubva mutsvina, tsvina, mupfudze wemhuka, nzvimbo dzokuchengetera makemikari, kuraswa zvisina tsarukano, uye mamwe mabasa anogona kupinza zvinhu zvinokuvadza mumhoteredzo nokuda kwedziviriro yemhuri yakavimbika.

Kutarisira tsvina ine ngozi kwakafanira inoderedza njodzi dzekusvibiswa nekuti tsvina isingatarisirwe zvakanaka inogona kuburitsa makemikari uye zvinwiwa zvakasvibiswa zvinopinda muvhu, madhini, nzizi, madziva, uye mvura yepasi munzvimbo dzekumaruwa nemumaguta.

Vagadziri vezvekurima vanokwanisa kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemvura nekuisa fetereza zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nechirimwa, kudzora kukukurwa kwevhu, kuchengetedza miti yemiti, kubata manyowa nemazvo, nekudzivirira kurasika kwemakemikari pedyo nemvura kuburikidza nemaitiro ekudzivirira.

Nharaunda dzinofanirwa kuchengetedza madhiraini, hutsanana, marapirwo emvura yetsvina, uye masisitimu ekutarisa nekuti kutadza mumasevhisi aya kunogona kuwedzera kufamba kweutachiona, chikafu, uye zvinhu zvine njodzi mumigove yemvura isati yasvika zvinokuvadza.

Mhuri dzinoshandisa matsime dzinofanira kuongorora misoro yemvura, kuchengetedza utachiona kure nenzvimbo yetsime, kuchengetedza mvura ine tsvina iri pedyo, uye kuyedza mvura apo njodzi dzenzvimbo kana shanduko yemhando dzinomutsa kunetseka kuburikidza nekuongororwa nguva nenguva.

Kugara uchiyedzwa murabhoritari kunopa dziviriro iri nani pane kuvimba nechitarisiko nekuti zvakawanda zvakakosha zvinosvibisa hazvigone kuonekwa kuburikidza nekuravira, kunhuwa, kana ruvara, kunyanya inorganic makemikari uye ma microorganisms mazhinji ehutano hweveruzhinji kwenguva refu.

Kana kusvibiswa kwaonekwa, zviito zvekugadzirisa zvinofanirwa kuve zvichibva pane zvakasvibiswa zvakaonekwa, kuyerwa kutariswa, nzira yekuratidzira, tekinoroji yekurapa iripo, uye kushandiswa kwemvura uko kusvibiswa kwakasimbiswa.

Kuchengetedza kunaka kwemvura nokudaro ibasa rinogoveranwa rinobatanidza dzimba, varimi, maindasitiri, vane masimba ezvakatipoteredza, vapi vemvura, vashandi vezveutano, uye nharaunda dzinoshanda pamwe chete kudzivirira kusvibiswa kusati kwaitika pane kuti vazopindura pashure.

Mvura yakachena ndiyo isiri-saline chikamu chekutenderera kwemvura yepasi, uye zvinosvibisa zvinogona kusanganisira microbial, inorganic, pesticide, herbicide, organic chemical, radioactive, uye zvinhu zvemuviri. Kutarisira mvura kunoshanda kunochengetedza hutano hwevanhu. Kunzwisisa zvikamu izvi kunotsigirawo sarudzo dzine ruzivo nezve kurapwa, kutarisa, kudzora tsvina, uye kushandiswa kwakasimba.

Kutarisira mvura kwakakosha nekuti mvura inotsigira kurarama kwevanhu, kugadzirwa kwekurima, hutsanana, indasitiri, uye ecosystems. Hunhu hwakakosha hwemhando yemvura hunosanganisira pH, alkalinity, yakanyungudika ions, turbidity, pachena, chikafu, uye biological zvikamu.

Tsvina inopinda nharaunda inogona kuve nzira yakakosha yekusvibisa nekuti mvura inokwanisa kutakura zvinhu zvakanyungudika kana zvakamiswa kubva munzvimbo dzekuraswa kuenda kumvura yepamusoro, migero yemvura, ivhu, uye masisitimu emvura yepasi.

Maitiro ekurasa marara saka inogona kutsigira kudzivirira kwemvura nekudzikisa kuraswa, kupisa kusingadzoreki, nzvimbo dzekurasa, uye zvimwe zviitiko zvinobvumira zvinosvibisa kufamba nepakati penharaunda yakapoteredza.

Nharaunda dzinogona kusimbaradza dziviriro nekutsigira mabasa ehutsanana, kuchengetedza zvivakwa zvekugezesa mvura, kuchengetedza matoro nezvinomera, kukurudzira kurima zvine hungwaru, nekudzidzisa vagari nezvemaitiro anoderedza kusvibiswa kwaanobva.

Varimi vanofanirwa kutarisisa kunaka kwemvura yemadiridziro nekuti nzvimbo dzine tsvina dzinogona kufumura zvirimwa, ivhu, zvipfuyo, vashandi, nenharaunda dziri pedyo, nepo kusadiridza kuchigona kuwedzera kufamba kwezvinosvibisa.

Mhuri dzinogona kubetsera kupfurikidza nokuchengeta tsvina, oiri, makemikari, uye mishonga kure nemigero namanyuko emvura, nepo dzichishandisa michina yokurasa yakakodzera inodzivisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza kupinda munzizi, matsime, uye mvura yepasi.

Kudzivirirwa kwemvura kwenguva refu kunoenderana nekudzivirira, kutarisa, kurapwa kwakakodzera, uye kubatana pakati pevanobata nekuti kugadzirisa kusvibiswa mushure mekupararira kwetsvina kunogona kuve kwakaoma, kudhura, uye kukanganisa munharaunda dzakabatwa.

Pfupiso pamusoro peMigumisiro Yemvura Yakasvibiswa paMunhu

Mibvunzo Inowanzo Kubvunzwa Nezve Mhedzisiro Yemvura Yakasvibiswa paMunhu

1. Ndezvipi zvinokonzerwa nemvura yakasvibiswa pahutano hwevanhu, uye nei migumisiro iyoyo inogona kubva kubva kuchirwere chemudumbu chenguva pfupi kusvika kune zvakakomba zvenguva refu muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana?

Mvura yakasvibiswa inogona kukonzera hutachiona hwemudumbu, kupera simba, chepfu yemakemikari, matambudziko ekukura, kunetseka kwekubereka, kukuvadzwa kwenhengo, uye zvimwe zvirwere zvinoenderana nekusvibisa, fungidziro, nzira yekubuda, uye nguva, uye zvinogona kuuraya.

2. Sei vacheche vachinyanya kunetseka nemvura yekunwa ine nitrate-yakasvibiswa, uye chii chakakomba chinogona kuitika apo kuratidzwa kwenitrate kunovhiringidza kutakura kweokisijeni yenguva dzose pakati pevana vaduku vachishandisa mvura yakakanganiswa?

Nitrate inogona kushandurwa kuita nitrite mumuviri, kuderedza ropa rekutakura okisijeni. Saka vacheche vanogona kuita methemoglobinemia, inowanzonzi blue-baby syndrome, iyo inogona kutyisa upenyu munguva yevacheche.

3. Ko arsenic ingapinda sei mumvura yokunwa, uye nei kuratidzirwa kwenguva refu zvikurukuru kune chokuita nenharaunda dzinotsamira zvikuru pamvura yapasi isina kucheneswa nokuda kwedonzo rokunwa munharaunda dzakabatwa zvisina ngozi nhasi?

Arsenic inogona kuitika yakasikwa mumvura yepasi kana kupinda mumvura kuburikidza nekushanda kwemaindasitiri, migodhi, uye nzira dzemarara. Kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kunogona kukanganisa hutano uye kuwedzera njodzi dzegomarara uye matambudziko ekukura. Kuongororwa nguva nenguva kunobatsira nharaunda dzakakanganiswa.

4. Mishonga inouraya zvipembenene nesora ingasvibisa mvura yokunwa here, uye zvinhu zvipi zvinosarudza kana kushambidzika kuchikonzera njodzi ine revo yeutano kuvanhu kana vanhu vakanwa kana kugara vachinwa mvura ine ngozi zvisina ngozi?

Hongu, mishonga yezvipembenene nesora inogona kusvika pamusoro pemvura yepamusoro kana pasi pevhu kuburikidza nekuyerera, kwemvura, kana kufamba nemuvhu. Ngozi inotsamira pane chaiyo kemikari, fungidziro, toxicity, kuratidzwa frequency, uye nguva. Vanhu vari munjodzi vanofanira kudzivisa kuratidzwa.

5. Ndezvipi zvipenyu zvinosvibisa zvipenyu zvinowanzoitika mumvura isina kuchena, uye zvipenyu zvakadai seE. coli, Giardia, uye Cryptosporidium zvingakanganisa sei utano hwevanhu kuburikidza nekushandisa mvura yekunwa ine tsvina mumhuri dzine ngozi?

E. coli nemamwe mabhakitiriya anogona kukonzera chirwere chemudumbu, nepo Giardia neCryptosporidium zvinowanzokonzera manyoka uye kupera simba kwemvura. Chirwere chakakomba chinogona kuva nengozi kuvana vaduku nevakuru vakuru. Kukurumidza kutsiva mvura kunobatsira.

6. Kufashaidza mvura ine tsvina kunoita kuti ive isina ngozi zvachose here, uye nei mhinduro yacho ichienderana nekuti kusvibiswa kwacho kuri kweutachiona here kana kuti kemikari pakuita sarudzo dzekurapa kumba?

Kufashaidza kunoshanda pakurwisa tupukanana tunokonzera zvirwere, asi hakubvisi makemikari akawanda, heavy metal, kana utachiona hwemwaranzi. Naizvozvo marapirwo anofanirwa kuenderana netsvina yakawanikwa kuburikidza nekuongororwa uye kuongororwa nenyanzvi.

7. Varimi vangabatsira sei kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemvura, kunyanya kana fetereza, mupfudze, mishonga yezvipembenene, madiridziro, uye marara zvichishandiswa munzvimbo dzinowanikwa mvura yokurima pazvinoshandiswa panzvimbo yakarimwa kana pedyo?

Varimi vanokwanisa kuderedza kusvibiswa nekushandisa makemikari epapurazi nemazvo, kubata manyowa nemarara nemazvo, kudzora kukukurwa kwevhu, kuchengetedza nzira dzemvura, kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzine utachiona, uye kushandisa utachiona hwakabatanidzwa pazvinenge zvakakodzera. Matanho aya anodzivirira nharaunda dziri pasi pemvura.

8. Mhuri dzinofanira kuitei kana dzichifungidzira kuti mvura yadzo yokunwa ine utachiona, uye kuongororwa uye kurapwa kwakakodzera kungaderedza sei ngozi dzingangovapo pautano vasati varamba vachiishandisa zvisina ngozi?

Mhuri dzinofanirwa kudzivirira mvura inofungidzirwa kuti haina kuchena yekunwa kudzamara yaongororwa kunaka kwayo. Kuongororwa kwerabhoritari kunogona kuona zvinosvibisa, mushure mezvo nzira yakakodzera yekurapa kana yakachengeteka sosi inogona kusarudzwa. Mazano eunyanzvi angave ari madikanwa.

Iwe une chero mibvunzo, mazano, kana mipiro? Kana zvirizvo, ndapota inzwa wakasununguka kushandisa bhokisi rekutaura pazasi kugovera pfungwa dzako. Tinokukurudzirawo kuti ugoverane nomutsa mashoko aya nevamwe vangabatsirwa nawo. Sezvo tisingakwanisi kusvika munhu wose panguva imwe chete, tinoonga zvechokwadi rubatsiro rwenyu mukuparadzira shoko. Ndinokutendai zvikuru nerutsigiro rwenyu uye nokugoverana!

Verenga zvakare: Zvinoreva uye Kukosha Kwemadiridziro muKugadzira chirimwa