Sedimentation processis the main process of primary treatment which comes up immediately after screening, use of comminutor and grit removal processes. Just as we have… Read More »Meaning and Factors affecting Sedimentation in Waste-water Treatment
There are many sedimentation basin shapes. They can be rectangular, circular, and square. 1. Rectangular Basins Rectangular basins are commonly found in large-scale water treatment… Read More »Selection of Sedimentation Basin Shapes
Figure 6.3 depicts a typical comminutor. When designing a comminutor, head-loss should be considered. Head-loss through a comminutor is usually in the range of a… Read More »Design criteria for comminutor and Grinder in Wastewater Treatment Operations
Processing coarse solids reduces their size so they can be removed during downstream treatment operations, such as primary clarification, where both floating and settleable solids… Read More »Comminutor and Grinder Process in Wastewater Treatment Operations
A problem in maintaining the food safety is the need to detect micro- organisms in order to curb outbreaks. Microbiological examination provides information on quality… Read More »Microbiological Examination of Food
Food preservation methods are aimed at preventing the incorporation of microbes into food, removing or destroying microbes in food and keeping microbes from multiplying. Modern… Read More »Food Preservation Methods
Thorough dilution of contaminated air by ventilation is a very effective means of controlling airborne diseases indoors. However, it is expensive since special ducts or… Read More »Control of Airborne Microorganisms
Many sampling devises are available for air sampling. The impingement, bubbling, atomizing, electrostatic membrane filter devices etc. are some of the devices used for collection… Read More »Microbiological Analysis of Air
When ozone and hydrocarbons usually ethylene alone with the oxygen act together the inactivation rates of microbes is greatly affected. Micro-organisms like fungi cannot survive… Read More »Fate and Transport of Micro-organisms in Air
Aerobiology is defined as the study of life present in the air. Aeromicrobiology relates to the study of environmentally relevant micro-organisms. Intramural Aerobiology deals with… Read More »Air Microbiology (Aerobiology) and Causes of Air-Borne Diseases
Water purification forms a critical link in promoting public health and safety. It involves variety of steps which depend upon the type of impurities in… Read More »Importance of Water Purification to Public Health and Safety
Microbiological examination of water is necessary in order to maximize the use of water without falling into trouble caused by micro-organisms in the same. It… Read More »Microbiological Examination of Water
There is no denying the fact that waste-water will have a lot of impacts on our environment, most of which may not be favorable to… Read More »Impacts of Waste-water on the Environment, Treatment Objectives and Disposal Regulations
Water microbiology is another area where microbiological studies play important roles to man and his environment. Study of micro-organisms and their communities in water environment… Read More »Importance of Water Microbiology
The conventional sewage treatment method attempts to maintain acceptable BOD before it is discharged into the water body. A combination of physical unit operations and… Read More »Conventional Sewage Treatment Guide
Domestic waste-water or sewage contains human waste like feaces, urine, and gray water. Gray water results from washing, bathing and meal preparations. Agricultural run-off water… Read More »Characterization and Composition of Sewage
Microbiology is the study of small (microscopic) organisms which are too small to be viewed with unaided eyes and could be plants, animals or inanimate… Read More »Principles of Applied Microbiology
Below are the 9 different types of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and there are slight difference between ordinary BOD and BOD5 as we explained below:… Read More »9 Types of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
